64 Cited authorities

  1. United States v. Leon

    468 U.S. 897 (1984)   Cited 10,300 times   72 Legal Analyses
    Holding that when a warrant is "subsequently invalidated," suppression is not necessary so long as the warrant was issued by a neutral magistrate and the officers' reliance on the warrant was objectively reasonable
  2. Franks v. Delaware

    438 U.S. 154 (1978)   Cited 11,288 times   33 Legal Analyses
    Holding that "the defendant is entitled, under the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments, to his hearing" if he makes the required preliminary showing
  3. United States v. Gypsum Co.

    333 U.S. 364 (1948)   Cited 10,475 times   7 Legal Analyses
    Holding that oral testimony in conflict with contemporaneous documentary evidence deserves little weight
  4. Scott v. United States

    436 U.S. 128 (1978)   Cited 1,617 times   3 Legal Analyses
    Holding “the fact that the officer does not have the state of mind which is hypothecated by the reasons which provide the legal justification for the officer's action does not invalidate the action taken as long as the circumstances, viewed objectively, justify that action.”
  5. Massachusetts v. Sheppard

    468 U.S. 981 (1984)   Cited 768 times   8 Legal Analyses
    Holding that the good faith exception applied in a case where the warrant lacked particularity because the officers reasonably believed the warrant was valid
  6. Central Intelligence Agency v. Sims

    471 U.S. 159 (1985)   Cited 441 times   1 Legal Analyses
    Holding that an earlier version of the relevant National Security Act provision "qualifies as a withholding statute under Exemption 3"
  7. U.S. v. Salameh

    152 F.3d 88 (2d Cir. 1998)   Cited 797 times
    Holding that photographs were properly admitted to establish relationship among conspirators
  8. U.S. v. Garcia

    413 F.3d 201 (2d Cir. 2005)   Cited 444 times   3 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a district court abused its discretion in admitting a police officer's opinion "reached in the course of his investigation" as lay testimony, because, although the officer may have personally investigated the conspiracy in question, he based his opinion of the facts he observed on "his specialized training and experience"
  9. United States v. El-Mezain

    No. 10-10590 (5th Cir. Dec. 7, 2011)   Cited 253 times
    Holding that documents seized from the Palestinian Authority in a military operation should have been excluded because they did not meet the trustworthiness requirements of Rule 807, as "there is nothing known about the circumstances under which the documents were created," including "whether the documents were created by some third person or agency and were merely collected ... as intelligence" and "in the case of two of the documents, the identities of the authors"
  10. U.S. v. Rahman

    189 F.3d 88 (2d Cir. 1999)   Cited 305 times
    Holding that the loss of recordings made without the awareness of the criminal investigators could not be charged to the prosecution
  11. Section 1801 - Definitions

    50 U.S.C. § 1801   Cited 280 times   10 Legal Analyses
    Defining "United States person" to be a "citizen of the United States, an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence" or certain unincorporated associations or corporations with ties to the United States
  12. Section 793 - Gathering, transmitting or losing defense information

    18 U.S.C. § 793   Cited 186 times   3 Legal Analyses
    Referring to § 793 "for the purpose aforesaid"
  13. Section 1806 - Use of information

    50 U.S.C. § 1806   Cited 169 times   4 Legal Analyses
    Allowing in camera , ex parte review of the legality of electronic surveillance under FISA Subchapter I if "the Attorney General files an affidavit under oath that disclosure or an adversary hearing would harm the national security of the United States"
  14. Section 934 - Art. 134. General article

    10 U.S.C. § 934   Cited 169 times   3 Legal Analyses
    Prohibiting conduct which is of a nature to bring discredit upon the armed forces, or conduct which is prejudicial to good order and discipline
  15. Section 1804 - Applications for court orders

    50 U.S.C. § 1804   Cited 109 times   1 Legal Analyses
    Authorizing electronic surveillance under FISA
  16. Section 1805 - Issuance of order

    50 U.S.C. § 1805   Cited 100 times
    Requiring "probable cause to believe . . . the target of the electronic surveillance is a foreign power or an agent of a foreign power"
  17. Section 1803 - Designation of judges

    50 U.S.C. § 1803   Cited 68 times   1 Legal Analyses

    (a) Court to hear applications and grant orders; record of denial; transmittal to court of review (1) The Chief Justice of the United States shall publicly designate 11 district court judges from at least seven of the United States judicial circuits of whom no fewer than 3 shall reside within 20 miles of the District of Columbia who shall constitute a court which shall have jurisdiction to hear applications for and grant orders approving electronic surveillance anywhere within the United States under

  18. Section 1821 - Definitions

    50 U.S.C. § 1821   Cited 32 times
    Adopting definitions from 50 U.S.C. § 1801
  19. Section 1824 - Issuance of order

    50 U.S.C. § 1824   Cited 25 times
    Concerning physical searches
  20. Section 1823 - Application for order

    50 U.S.C. § 1823   Cited 25 times
    Relating to physical searches under such Act