550 U.S. 544 (2007) Cited 268,776 times 367 Legal Analyses
Holding that a complaint's allegations should "contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face' "
Holding extrinsic materials were not "integral" to the complaint because the complaint "d[id] not refer to the[m]" and "plaintiffs apparently did not rely on them in drafting it"
Holding section 78u-4(b) does not literally require pleading of all facts, so long as facts pleaded provide adequate basis for believing statements were false
Holding that district courts may make use of "documents either in plaintiffs' possession or of which plaintiffs had knowledge and relied on in bringing suit" in evaluating Rule 12(b) motions
Holding that fraudulent intent could not be inferred from the defendant entering multiple contracts with a plaintiff and not performing on any of them since "[c]ontractual breach, in and of itself, does not bespeak fraud"
Holding that the denial of defendant that he knew of the proposed contract provided a prima facie basis for granting him judgment as a matter of law dismissing the claim for tortious interference with prospective business relations
Holding that multiple, direct and substantive communications and personal meetings with the relying customers established a relationship sufficiently approaching privity