Spokeo, Inc. v. Robins

Holding that a statutory violation, without more, did not give rise to Article III standing

Lujan v. Defs. of Wildlife

Holding that the elements of standing "must be supported in the same way as any other matter on which the plaintiff bears the burden of proof"

Kokkonen v. Guardian Life Ins. Co. of America

Holding that absent a reservation of jurisdiction in the stipulated dismissal order, federal courts lack jurisdiction to consider enforcement of a settlement agreement

Steel Co. v. Citizens for Better Env't

Holding that a court "act ultra vires" when it assumes "hypothetical jurisdiction" in order to rule on the merits

Martin v. Franklin Capital

Holding “absent unusual circumstances, attorney's fees should not be awarded when the removing party has an objectively reasonable basis for removal”

Mt. Healthy City Board of Ed. v. Doyle

Holding if a plaintiff can show a prima facie case of First Amendment retaliation, the district court should go on to determine whether the defendant has shown "by a preponderance of the evidence that it would have reached the same decision ... even in the absence of the protected conduct"

Sierra Club v. Morton

Holding that plaintiff-organization did not establish Article III standing for injunctive relief where the organization failed to show that its members would be affected by the actions it sought to enjoin

Asarco Inc. v. Kadish

Holding party did not have standing, in part, because “[w]hether the association's claims of economic injury would be redressed by a favorable decision in this case depends on the unfettered choices made by independent actors not before the courts and whose exercise of broad and legitimate discretion the courts cannot presume either to control or to predict”

Doe v. Allied-Signal, Inc.

Holding that first action for negligent failure to keep plaintiff safe from rape at workplace was distinct from subsequent action based on employer's misrepresentation of plaintiff's employment status because facts forming basis of second action arose from different transaction and damages asserted in second action did not accrue until first action ended

Cetacean Community v. Bush

Holding that where a plaintiff lacks Article III standing, an Article III federal court lacks subject matter jurisdiction to hear the case and must dismiss the suit under Rule 12(b)

Section 1983 - Civil action for deprivation of rights

Holding liable any state actor who "subjects, or causes [a person] to be subjected" to a constitutional violation

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Section 1331 - Federal question

Finding that in order to invoke federal question jurisdiction, a plaintiff's claims must arise "under the Constitution, laws, or treaties of the United States."

Section 1441 - Removal of civil actions

Holding that “[a]ny civil action of which the district courts have original jurisdiction founded on a claim or right arising under the ... laws of the United States shall be removable without regard to the citizenship or residence of the parties.”

Section 1447 - Procedure after removal generally

Holding that with exceptions not relevant here, "[a]n order remanding a case to the State court from which it was removed is not reviewable on appeal or otherwise"

Section 1692 - Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

Finding that abusive debt-collection practices lead to "personal bankruptcies," "marital instability," "loss of jobs," and "invasions of individual privacy"

Section 1681c - Requirements relating to information contained in consumer reports

Reporting certain criminal information older than 7 years

Section 2131 - Congressional statement of policy

Stating that one purpose of the AWA is "to assure the humane treatment of animals"

Section 49.44.090 - Unfair practices in employment because of age of employee or applicant-Exceptions

Providing "it shall be an unfair practice for an employer . . . because an individual is forty years of age or older . . . to terminate from employment such individual" or to "discriminate against such individual . . . in terms, conditions or privileges of employment"

Section 39.34.180 - [Effective Until 6/6/2024] Criminal justice responsibilities-Interlocal agreements-Termination