70 Cited authorities

  1. Ashcroft v. Iqbal

    556 U.S. 662 (2009)   Cited 260,142 times   281 Legal Analyses
    Holding court need not credit "mere conclusory statements" in complaint
  2. Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

    550 U.S. 544 (2007)   Cited 273,590 times   368 Legal Analyses
    Holding that allegations of conduct that are merely consistent with wrongdoing do not state a claim unless "placed in a context that raises a suggestion of" such wrongdoing
  3. Swierkiewicz v. Sorema N.A.

    534 U.S. 506 (2002)   Cited 17,065 times   20 Legal Analyses
    Holding with regard to a 67-year-old plaintiff and a 59-year-old comparator that " difference of eight years between the age of the person discharged and his replacement . . . is not insignificant"
  4. Balistreri v. Pacifica Police Dept

    901 F.2d 696 (9th Cir. 1988)   Cited 16,267 times   5 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a cognizable gender discrimination claim could be brought by a female domestic violence victim where the victim alleged police denied protection and made misogynistic comments including that "he did not blame [the victim's] husband for hitting her, because of the way she was 'carrying on'"
  5. United States v. Turkette

    452 U.S. 576 (1981)   Cited 2,735 times   2 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a RICO enterprise must exist "separate and apart" from the pattern of racketeering activity
  6. Vess v. Ciba-Geigy Corp. USA

    317 F.3d 1097 (9th Cir. 2003)   Cited 4,282 times   3 Legal Analyses
    Holding that the Rule 9(b) pleading standards apply to California CLRA, FAL, and UCL claims because, though fraud is not an essential element of those statutes, a plaintiff alleges a fraudulent course of conduct as the basis of those claims
  7. Kearns v. Ford Motor Co.

    567 F.3d 1120 (9th Cir. 2009)   Cited 2,305 times   5 Legal Analyses
    Holding that circumstances constituting fraud must be stated with particularity
  8. Sinaltrainal v. Coca-Cola Co.

    578 F.3d 1252 (11th Cir. 2009)   Cited 1,179 times   4 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a complaint fails to state a claim unless the well-pled factual allegations of the complaint nudge the claims across the line from conceivable to plausible
  9. Lazar v. Superior Court

    12 Cal.4th 631 (Cal. 1996)   Cited 1,680 times   3 Legal Analyses
    Holding that justifiable reliance is a required element of a fraud claim
  10. Mack v. S. Bay Beer Distribs., Inc.

    798 F.2d 1279 (9th Cir. 1986)   Cited 2,384 times
    Holding that state agency determination in unemployment hearing did not preclude federal employment discrimination claim because plaintiff did not have adequate opportunity to present discrimination claim before agency
  11. Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

    Fed. R. Civ. P. 12   Cited 354,229 times   943 Legal Analyses
    Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss
  12. Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading

    Fed. R. Civ. P. 8   Cited 160,289 times   196 Legal Analyses
    Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."
  13. Rule 9 - Pleading Special Matters

    Fed. R. Civ. P. 9   Cited 39,551 times   328 Legal Analyses
    Requiring that fraud be pleaded with particularity
  14. Section 1962 - Prohibited activities

    18 U.S.C. § 1962   Cited 16,093 times   60 Legal Analyses
    Specifying prohibited activities
  15. Section 1961 - Definitions

    18 U.S.C. § 1961   Cited 15,089 times   72 Legal Analyses
    Defining what the terms “person” and “enterprise” include
  16. Section 1964 - Civil remedies

    18 U.S.C. § 1964   Cited 6,159 times   42 Legal Analyses
    Granting civil remedies for RICO violation
  17. Section 2924 - Exercise of power of sale

    Cal. Civ. Code § 2924   Cited 1,826 times   2 Legal Analyses
    Holding privileged pursuant to Cal. Civ. Code section 47 "[p]erformance of the functions and procedures . . . necessary to carry out the duties [of a non-judicial foreclosure]"
  18. Section 1670.5 - Contract or clause unconscionable

    Cal. Civ. Code § 1670.5   Cited 776 times   4 Legal Analyses
    Adopting UCC section 2-302 and making it generally applicable to all contracts
  19. Section 3333 - Breach of obligation not arising from contract

    Cal. Civ. Code § 3333   Cited 753 times
    Defining damages "[f]or the breach of an obligation not arising from contract" as "the amount which will compensate for all the detriment proximately caused thereby ..."