19 Cited authorities

  1. Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

    550 U.S. 544 (2007)   Cited 276,716 times   369 Legal Analyses
    Holding that allegations of conduct that are merely consistent with wrongdoing do not state a claim unless "placed in a context that raises a suggestion of" such wrongdoing
  2. Lambert v. Hartman

    517 F.3d 433 (6th Cir. 2008)   Cited 909 times   3 Legal Analyses
    Holding that the disclosure of financial information did not implicate the fundamental privacy interest acknowledged in Bloch
  3. Kloian v. Domino's Pizza

    273 Mich. App. 449 (Mich. Ct. App. 2006)   Cited 362 times   1 Legal Analyses
    Holding that parties consented to modify contract based on an e-mail exchange
  4. Toussaint v. Blue Cross

    408 Mich. 579 (Mich. 1980)   Cited 627 times
    Holding that "[i]t is enough that the employer chooses, presumably in its own interest, to create an environment in which the employee believes that, whatever the personnel policies and practices, they are established and official at any given time, purport to be fair, and are applied consistently and uniformly to each employee. The employer has then created a situation 'instinct with an obligation'"
  5. Barber v. SMH (US), Inc.

    202 Mich. App. 366 (Mich. Ct. App. 1993)   Cited 228 times
    Holding that statements made during preemployment negotiations with representatives of the employer that the plaintiff would be employed "as long as he was profitable and doing the job," did not give rise to a just-cause claim where the plaintiff did not specifically assert that the promise was made in response to his articulated concerns that he be terminated for just cause only
  6. Gold v. Deloitte & Touche LLP

    622 F.3d 613 (6th Cir. 2010)   Cited 128 times
    Referring to Michigan law
  7. Dumas v. Auto Club Ins Ass'n

    437 Mich. 521 (Mich. 1991)   Cited 183 times
    Holding that "the `legitimate expectations' doctrine of Toussaint does not follow traditional contract analysis. Therefore, it does not logically follow that Toussaint should be extended to the area of compensation. Also, since employees' accrued benefits are protected by the presence of traditional contract remedies, there is no need to extend the expectations rationale to compensation"
  8. Rowe v. Montgomery Ward

    437 Mich. 627 (Mich. 1991)   Cited 148 times
    Holding that "that plaintiff cannot maintain an action for breach of contract on the basis of the disciplinary guidelines because the last handbook which plaintiff received clearly set forth an employment-at-will policy"
  9. Aichele v. Hodge

    259 Mich. App. 146 (Mich. Ct. App. 2003)   Cited 51 times
    In Aichele, supra, a child was born in wedlock, and the plaintiff putative father commenced an action seeking custody, parenting time, and support.
  10. Hammond v. United of Oakland

    193 Mich. App. 146 (Mich. Ct. App. 1992)   Cited 53 times
    Holding that the law recognizes an implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing in all contracts
  11. Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

    Fed. R. Civ. P. 12   Cited 357,835 times   950 Legal Analyses
    Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss