Ashcroft v. Iqbal

Holding that a claim is plausible where a plaintiff's allegations enable the court to draw a "reasonable inference" the defendant is liable

Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

Holding that a complaint's allegations should "contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face' "

Carlisle v. United States

Holding that a district court could not use inherent authority to extend a plain and unambiguous Rule of Criminal Procedure that limited district court’s authority to enter a judgment of acquittal to seven days

Ruiz v. Bally Total Fitness

Explaining that we "are not free to disregard the plain language of a statute and, instead, conjure up legislative purposes and intent out of thin air"

In re Gartside

Holding that factual determinations underlying an obviousness rejection under 35 U.S.C. § 103 are reviewed for substantial evidence

Viqueira v. First Bank

Considering and rejecting on the merits a possible source of jurisdiction not explicitly referenced in the complaint

Rogers v. Jefferson-Pilot Life Ins. Co.

Applying section 510 only to actions against an employer, not against insurers or other third parties administering insurance benefits

Mangual v. Rotger-Sabat

Holding threat of prison makes challenge ripe

Ramirez v. Sanchez Ramos

Holding that plaintiff's fear was not “objectively reasonable” when she “never stated an intention to engage in any activity that could reasonably be construed to fall within the confines of the [challenged law]”

Nkihtaqmikon v. Impson

Holding that plaintiffs have standing to challenge the approval of a lease to build a liquified natural gas terminal when they “live within a mile” of the project site and use the land and surrounding waters for ceremonial and community purposes

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Section 112 - Specification

Requiring patent applications to include a "specification" that provides, among other information, a written description of the invention and of the manner and process of making and using it

Section 103 - Conditions for patentability; non-obvious subject matter

Holding the party seeking invalidity must prove "the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains."

Section 102 - Conditions for patentability; novelty

Prohibiting the grant of a patent to one who "did not himself invent the subject matter sought to be patented"

Section 154 - Contents and term of patent; provisional rights

Granting twenty years for utility patents

Section 286 - Time limitation on damages

Precluding recovery for infringement more than six years prior to the filing of the complaint or counterclaim

Section 135 - Derivation proceedings

Governing interferences

Section 146 - Civil action in case of derivation proceeding

Filing in the Patent and Trademark Office of a certified copy of the judgment

Section 6 - Patent Trial and Appeal Board

Giving the Director authority to designate "at least 3 members of the Patent Trial and Appeal Board" to review "[e]ach appeal, derivation proceeding, post-grant review, and inter partes review"

Section 253 - Disclaimer

Granting patentee authority to disclaim issued or pending claims

Section 41.127 - Judgment