44 Cited authorities

  1. Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

    550 U.S. 544 (2007)   Cited 276,716 times   369 Legal Analyses
    Holding that allegations of conduct that are merely consistent with wrongdoing do not state a claim unless "placed in a context that raises a suggestion of" such wrongdoing
  2. Conley v. Gibson

    355 U.S. 41 (1957)   Cited 59,158 times   25 Legal Analyses
    Holding that "a complaint should not be dismissed for failure to state a claim unless it appears beyond doubt that the plaintiff can prove no set of facts in support of his claim which would entitle him to relief"
  3. Basic Inc. v. Levinson

    485 U.S. 224 (1988)   Cited 3,401 times   312 Legal Analyses
    Holding that the District Court appropriately certified the class based on the presumption of reliance
  4. Balistreri v. Pacifica Police Dept

    901 F.2d 696 (9th Cir. 1988)   Cited 16,393 times   5 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a cognizable gender discrimination claim could be brought by a female domestic violence victim where the victim alleged police denied protection and made misogynistic comments including that "he did not blame [the victim's] husband for hitting her, because of the way she was 'carrying on'"
  5. Navarro v. Block

    250 F.3d 729 (9th Cir. 2001)   Cited 5,734 times   1 Legal Analyses
    Holding that dismissal is proper where there is "an absence of sufficient facts alleged to support a cognizable legal theory"
  6. TSC Industries, Inc. v. Northway, Inc.

    426 U.S. 438 (1976)   Cited 2,517 times   69 Legal Analyses
    Holding that materiality may be resolved at summary judgment "if the established omissions are so obviously important to an investor that reasonable minds cannot differ on the question of materiality"
  7. Swartz v. KPMG LLP

    476 F.3d 756 (9th Cir. 2007)   Cited 2,933 times   3 Legal Analyses
    Holding that “[t]o the extent Swartz seeks a declaration of defendants' liability for damages sought for his other causes of action,” claim must be dismissed as “merely duplicative”
  8. Galbraith v. County of Santa Clara

    307 F.3d 1119 (9th Cir. 2002)   Cited 2,917 times   1 Legal Analyses
    Holding that plaintiff's allegations that a coroner's knowingly or recklessly false statements led to his arrest and prosecution were sufficient to state a § 1983 claim
  9. Securities v. Zandford

    535 U.S. 813 (2002)   Cited 529 times   17 Legal Analyses
    Holding that the SEC may bring a public enforcement action against a broker who accepted payment for securities that he never delivered
  10. Branch v. Tunnell

    14 F.3d 449 (9th Cir. 1994)   Cited 3,022 times
    Holding that plaintiffs "`must state in their complaint nonconclusory allegations setting forth evidence of unlawful intent. The allegations of facts must be specific and concrete enough to enable the defendants to prepare a response, and where appropriate, a motion for summary judgment based on qualified immunity.'"
  11. Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

    Fed. R. Civ. P. 12   Cited 357,835 times   950 Legal Analyses
    Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss
  12. Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading

    Fed. R. Civ. P. 8   Cited 162,084 times   197 Legal Analyses
    Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."
  13. Rule 9 - Pleading Special Matters

    Fed. R. Civ. P. 9   Cited 39,880 times   331 Legal Analyses
    Requiring that fraud be pleaded with particularity
  14. Section 78j - Manipulative and deceptive devices

    15 U.S.C. § 78j   Cited 12,720 times   166 Legal Analyses
    Granting SEC power to establish rules to further statute forbidding manipulative or deceptive devices in connection with purchase or sale of securities
  15. Section 78u-4 - Private securities litigation

    15 U.S.C. § 78u-4   Cited 7,663 times   52 Legal Analyses
    Granting courts authority to permit discovery if necessary "to preserve evidence or to prevent undue prejudice to" a party
  16. Section 77q - Fraudulent interstate transactions

    15 U.S.C. § 77q   Cited 3,398 times   38 Legal Analyses
    Prohibiting the use of "any device, scheme, or artifice to defraud" in connection with the offer or sale of any security
  17. Section 80b-6 - Prohibited transactions by investment advisers

    15 U.S.C. § 80b-6   Cited 676 times   22 Legal Analyses
    Making it unlawful for investment advisers to, among other things, defraud their clients or prospective clients
  18. Section 240.10b-5 - Employment of manipulative and deceptive devices

    17 C.F.R. § 240.10b-5   Cited 9,339 times   136 Legal Analyses
    Holding liable any person who "make any untrue statement of material fact"