Ashcroft v. Iqbal
556 U.S. 662 (2009) Cited 263,477 times 281 Legal AnalysesHolding court need not credit "mere conclusory statements" in complaint
Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly
550 U.S. 544 (2007) Cited 276,716 times 369 Legal AnalysesHolding that allegations of conduct that are merely consistent with wrongdoing do not state a claim unless "placed in a context that raises a suggestion of" such wrongdoing
Conley v. Gibson
355 U.S. 41 (1957) Cited 59,158 times 25 Legal AnalysesHolding that "a complaint should not be dismissed for failure to state a claim unless it appears beyond doubt that the plaintiff can prove no set of facts in support of his claim which would entitle him to relief"
Jackson v. Bellsouth Telecomms.
372 F.3d 1250 (11th Cir. 2004) Cited 1,841 times 1 Legal AnalysesHolding that the same analysis applies to federal and Florida RICO claims
Assoc. of Cleveland v. Cleveland
502 F.3d 545 (6th Cir. 2007) Cited 1,586 timesHolding that, in order to survive a motion to dismiss under Rule 12(b), a plaintiff's "factual allegations must be enough to raise a right to relief above the speculative level on the assumption that all the allegations in the complaint are true."
Oxford Asset Management, Ltd. v. Jaharis
297 F.3d 1182 (11th Cir. 2002) Cited 787 timesHolding conclusory allegations are insufficient to state a claim
Riverview Health Ins. v. Med. Mutual
601 F.3d 505 (6th Cir. 2010) Cited 598 timesHolding that a court may deny a motion for leave to amend for futility if the amendment could not withstand a motion to dismiss
Stevenson v. TRW Inc.
987 F.2d 288 (5th Cir. 1993) Cited 155 times 1 Legal AnalysesHolding that, given the complexity of the consumer dispute, the consumer reporting agency acted unreasonably in relying solely on CDV forms
Bakker v. McKinnon
152 F.3d 1007 (8th Cir. 1998) Cited 79 timesHolding that, even in the absence of "out-of-pocket expenses or costs incurred," the district court did not abuse its discretion in awarding actual and punitive damages when appellees testified "about how they felt when appellant obtained their credit reports and violated their privacy, thereby causing them some emotional distress"
Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing
Fed. R. Civ. P. 12 Cited 357,835 times 950 Legal AnalysesGranting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss
Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading
Fed. R. Civ. P. 8 Cited 162,084 times 197 Legal AnalysesHolding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."
Section 1681s-2 - Responsibilities of furnishers of information to consumer reporting agencies
15 U.S.C. § 1681s-2 Cited 2,968 times 44 Legal AnalysesGranting enforcement power to state and federal regulators
Section 1681i - Procedure in case of disputed accuracy
15 U.S.C. § 1681i Cited 1,537 times 28 Legal AnalysesRelating to indirect disputes