Miller v. Alabama

Holding mandatory life without parole sentences unconstitutional for all juvenile offenders

Graham v. Florida

Holding life without parole sentences unconstitutional for non-homicide juvenile offenders

Montgomery v. Louisiana

Holding that Miller v. Alabama , 567 U.S. 460, 132 S.Ct. 2455, 183 L.Ed.2d 407, which held as unconstitutional mandatory life imprisonment without parole for juvenile offenders, announced a new substantive rule of constitutional law that must be given retroactive effect

Wolff v. McDonnell

Holding that declaratory judgment as a predicate to a damages award would not be barred, but that a civil rights claim that would affect the duration of incarceration is foreclosed by Preiser

Roper v. Simmons

Holding "that the death penalty cannot be imposed upon juvenile offenders"

Mathews v. Eldridge

Holding that a procedure based on written submissions was adequate because it included safeguards against mistake including that the agency informed the recipient of its tentative assessment and the evidence supporting it and an opportunity was then afforded the recipient to submit additional evidence "enabling him to challenge directly the accuracy of information in his file as well as the correctness of the agency's tentative conclusions"

J.D.B. v. North Carolina

Holding that a thirteen-year-old’s age would have affected how a reasonable person in the suspect’s position would perceive his or her freedom to leave for purposes of Miranda ’s custody determination

Mullane v. Central Hanover Tr. Co.

Holding that due process requires a hearing "appropriate to the nature of the case"

Enmund v. Florida

Holding the death penalty cruel and unusual punishment for participation in a felony in which an accomplice commits murder, though about a third of American jurisdictions authorized such punishment, and at least six non-triggerman felony murderers had been executed, and three others were on death rows

Armstrong v. Manzo

Holding that failure to give proper notice violates "the rudimentary demands of due process of law"

Section Amendment VIII - Further Guarantees in Criminal Cases

Prohibiting "cruel and unusual punishments"

Rule 4.423 - Circumstances in mitigation