124 Cited authorities

  1. Apprendi v. New Jersey

    530 U.S. 466 (2000)   Cited 26,650 times   100 Legal Analyses
    Holding that “[o]ther than the fact of a prior conviction, any fact that increases the penalty for a crime beyond the prescribed statutory maximum must be submitted to a jury, and proved beyond a reasonable doubt”
  2. Blakely v. Washington

    542 U.S. 296 (2004)   Cited 16,617 times   17 Legal Analyses
    Holding that “[w]hen a judge inflicts punishment that the jury's verdict alone does not allow, the jury has not found all the facts ‘which the law makes essential to the punishment,’ and the judge exceeds his proper authority”
  3. Bell v. Cone

    535 U.S. 685 (2002)   Cited 9,828 times   14 Legal Analyses
    Holding that state court adjudication that “correctly identified the principles announced [by the Supreme Court] as those governing the analysis ... was [not] contrary to ... clearly established law”
  4. Batson v. Kentucky

    476 U.S. 79 (1986)   Cited 15,242 times   61 Legal Analyses
    Holding that the Equal Protection Clause applies to the use of peremptory strikes
  5. Cunningham v. California

    549 U.S. 270 (2007)   Cited 4,293 times   4 Legal Analyses
    Holding that the "jury-trial guarantee proscribes a sentencing scheme that allows a judge to impose a sentence above the statutory maximum based on a fact, other than a prior conviction, not found by the jury or admitted by the defendant"
  6. Ring v. Arizona

    536 U.S. 584 (2002)   Cited 4,999 times   50 Legal Analyses
    Holding that “[i]f a State makes an increase in a defendant's authorized punishment contingent on the finding of a fact, that fact—no matter how the State labels it—must be found by a jury beyond a reasonable doubt”
  7. Lockhart v. Fretwell

    506 U.S. 364 (1993)   Cited 6,851 times   14 Legal Analyses
    Holding petitioner was not prejudiced by trial counsel's failure to object to sentencing enhancement
  8. Neder v. United States

    527 U.S. 1 (1999)   Cited 4,951 times   31 Legal Analyses
    Holding that the failure to submit an uncontested element of an offense to a jury may be harmless
  9. Chapman v. California

    386 U.S. 18 (1967)   Cited 23,490 times   28 Legal Analyses
    Holding that error is harmless only if "harmless beyond a reasonable doubt"
  10. Arizona v. Fulminante

    499 U.S. 279 (1991)   Cited 5,293 times   20 Legal Analyses
    Holding that involuntary confessions are subject to harmless-error review
  11. Section 13

    Cal. Const. art. VI § 13   Cited 4,516 times
    Requiring a "miscarriage of justice"
  12. Section 15

    Cal. Const. art. I § 15   Cited 3,314 times
    Affording “the right ... to compel attendance of witnesses in the defendant's behalf”