Chapman v. California
386 U.S. 18 (1967) Cited 23,463 times 28 Legal AnalysesHolding that error is harmless only if "harmless beyond a reasonable doubt"
People v. Watson
46 Cal.2d 818 (Cal. 1956) Cited 13,674 timesHolding that certain trial errors are harmless unless there is a reasonable probability that a different result would have occurred absent the error
People v. Saunders
5 Cal.4th 580 (Cal. 1993) Cited 670 timesDetailing California approach, since 1874, of permitting stipulation and, more recently, of also permitting bifurcation
U.S. v. Gonzalez-Flores
418 F.3d 1093 (9th Cir. 2005) Cited 229 times 1 Legal AnalysesHolding the admission of unfairly prejudicial evidence was harmless error considering the strong case presented by the Government
People v. Brown
46 Cal.3d 432 (Cal. 1988) Cited 253 timesHolding that "instructions and counsel's arguments thereon viewed as a whole, sufficiently informed the penalty phase jury it could consider a mental condition of the defendant which, though not characterized as extreme, would potentially mitigate the circumstances of the offense"
U.S. v. Pryce
938 F.2d 1343 (D.C. Cir. 1991) Cited 86 times 1 Legal AnalysesFinding error harmless with respect to three defendants but not with respect to a fourth
U.S. v. Giovannetti
928 F.2d 225 (7th Cir. 1991) Cited 86 timesHolding that a court can determine if it possesses the requisite discretion to consider harmless error by considering "the length and complexity of the record, whether harmlessness of the error or errors is certain or debatable, and whether the reversal will result in protracted, costly, and ultimately futile proceedings in the district court"
United States v. Brooks
772 F.3d 1161 (9th Cir. 2014) Cited 39 times 3 Legal AnalysesHolding procedural due process error harmless with respect to two of three counts for which defendant was convicted