Maryland v. Pringle

Holding that probable cause existed to arrest all of a vehicle's occupants after police discovered cocaine and money over which no occupant claimed possession

Samson v. California

Holding that a similarly worded condition imposed on all California parolees did not violate the Fourth Amendment, even without the reasonable suspicion restriction

Lugosch v. Pyramid Co. of Onondaga

Holding that the common-law and First Amendment presumptions of open records apply in civil cases; setting forth the standard under which such presumptions may be overcome

Pennsylvania Bd. of Probation and Parole v. Scott

Holding that the exclusionary rule does not apply to exclude evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment in state parole revocation hearings

Cornejo v. Bell

Holding that in order to state a claim under Section 1983, a plaintiff must allege that the challenged conduct was "committed by a person acting under color of state law," and that such conduct "deprived [the plaintiff] of rights, privileges, or immunities secured by the Constitution or laws of the United States."

U.S. v. Amodeo

Holding that district court abused its discretion by unsealing record

Broughton v. State of N.Y

Holding that "[w]henever there has been an arrest and imprisonment without a warrant, the officer has acted extrajudicially and the presumption arises that such an arrest and imprisonment are unlawful"

Washington v. County of Rockland

Holding that, where movant at summary judgment demonstrates absence of genuine issue of material fact, burden shifts to nonmovant to adduce evidence establishing existence of an issue of material fact

Gambale v. Deutsche Bank AG

Holding that the details of a confidential settlement agreement disclosed during "a relatively informal conference relating to settlement," on the basis of the court's "assurances of confidentiality," warranted only a "weak" presumption of public access

Zahrey v. Coffey

Holding that the "deprivation of liberty of which [plaintiff] complains [must] be shown to be the result of [defendant's] fabrication of evidence"

Section 1983 - Civil action for deprivation of rights

Holding liable any state actor who "subjects, or causes [a person] to be subjected" to a constitutional violation

Rule 403 - Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons

Adopting a similar standard, but requiring the probative value to be "substantially outweighed" by these risks

Rule 404 - Character Evidence; Other Crimes, Wrongs, or Acts.

Recognizing that even uncharged similar acts can be probative of a defendant's intent and knowledge concerning charged offenses

Rule 401 - Test for Relevant Evidence

Providing that evidence is relevant if " it has any tendency to make a fact more or less probable than it would be without the evidence; and (b) the fact is of consequence in determining the action"

Rule 402 - General Admissibility of Relevant Evidence

Providing relevant evidence is admissible unless prohibited by the United States Constitution, a federal statute, the Federal Rules of Evidence, or other rules prescribed by the Supreme Court

Rule 609 - Impeachment by Evidence of a Criminal Conviction

Adopting a ten-year time limit, absent unusual circumstances, on the use of prior convictions for impeachment purposes

Section 160.50 - Order upon termination of criminal action in favor of the accused

In CPL 160.50(1)(d), the legislature identified a restricted list of six exceptions to the sealing mandate's prohibition on access, including (d)(ii), relied upon by the People here.

Section 190.25 - Criminal impersonation in the second degree