Ashcroft v. Iqbal

Holding that a claim is plausible where a plaintiff's allegations enable the court to draw a "reasonable inference" the defendant is liable

Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

Holding that a complaint's allegations should "contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face' "

Lujan v. Defs. of Wildlife

Holding that the elements of standing "must be supported in the same way as any other matter on which the plaintiff bears the burden of proof"

Tellabs v. Makor Issues Rights

Holding that a strong inference is one that is "cogent and at least as compelling as any opposing inference"

Amgen Inc. v. Conn. Ret. Plans & Tr. Funds

Holding that certain merits questions “should not be resolved in deciding whether to certify a proposed class,” but are “properly addressed at trial or in a ruling on a summary-judgment motion”

Basic Inc. v. Levinson

Holding that the District Court appropriately certified the class based on the presumption of reliance

Stoneridge Investment Partners, LLC v. Scientific-Atlanta, Inc.

Holding that the fraud-on-the-market presumption did not apply because business partners' "deceptive acts were not communicated to the public"

Ernst Ernst v. Hochfelder

Holding that Section 9(f) “contains a state-of-mind condition requiring something more than negligence”

Halliburton Co. v. Erica P. John Fund, Inc.

Holding that defendants may seek to rebut the Basic presumption at the class certification stage through evidence that the misrepresentation had no price impact

Merck Co. v. Reynolds

Holding that because no event preceding the critical date constituted "discovery" of facts necessary to bring the complaint, the plaintiffs' suit was timely

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading

Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."

Section 1367 - Supplemental jurisdiction

Holding that in civil actions proceeding in federal court based solely on diversity jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1332, the district court "shall not have supplemental jurisdiction" over "claims by plaintiffs against persons made parties under Rule . . . 24" or "over claims by persons . . seeking to intervene as plaintiffs under Rule 24," if "exercising supplemental jurisdiction over such claims would be inconsistent with the jurisdictional requirements of section 1332"

Rule 9 - Pleading Special Matters

Requiring that fraud be pleaded with particularity

Section 78j - Manipulative and deceptive devices

Granting SEC power to establish rules to further statute forbidding manipulative or deceptive devices in connection with purchase or sale of securities

Section 78u-4 - Private securities litigation

Granting courts authority to permit discovery if necessary "to preserve evidence or to prevent undue prejudice to" a party

Section 1658 - Time limitations on the commencement of civil actions arising under Acts of Congress

Holding that the state-law tort period controls § 1983 actions

Section 78a - Short title

Emphasizing considerations of federalism in SLUSA's legislative findings

Section 656 - Theft, embezzlement, or misapplication by bank officer or employee

Criminalizing certain conduct by an individual who is “an officer, director, agent or employee of, or connected in any capacity with any Federal Reserve bank”

Section 78i - Manipulation of security prices

Granting right of action to " the person . . . injured" by manipulation of security prices

Section 240.10b-5 - Employment of manipulative and deceptive devices

Holding liable any person who "make any untrue statement of material fact"

Section 240.15c3-1 - Net capital requirements for brokers or dealers

Section 220.128 - Treatment of simultaneous long and short positions in the same margin account when put or call options or combinations thereof on such stock are also outstanding in the account