Ashcroft v. Iqbal

Holding court need not credit "mere conclusory statements" in complaint

Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

Holding that allegations of conduct that are merely consistent with wrongdoing do not state a claim unless "placed in a context that raises a suggestion of" such wrongdoing

Phillips v. County of Allegheny

Holding that a district court need not permit a curative amendment if such amendment would be futile

Fowler v. UPMC Shadyside

Holding that the district court did not abuse its discretion "in denying a motion for a class action determination which was untimely under the local rule"

In re Burlington Coat Factory

Holding that a court may consider a "document integral to or explicitly relied upon in the complaint" when deciding a motion to dismiss

Malleus v. George

Holding inquiry is normally broken into three parts: identifying the elements of a claim, reviewing the complaint to strike conclusory allegations, and then looking at the well-pleaded components of the complaint and evaluating whether all of the elements identified in part one of the inquiry are sufficiently alleged.

Pension Benefit Guaranty Corp. v. White Consolidated Industries, Inc.

Holding that, when reviewing a motion to dismiss, courts consider "allegations contained in the complaint, exhibits attached to the complaint and matters of public record"

Maio v. Aetna, Inc.

Holding no RICO cause of action because factual predicate necessary for damages to be incurred at all too speculative

Weston v. Pennsylvania

Holding written reprimands were not adverse employment actions because they had not caused a "material change in the terms or conditions of his employment"

Kachmar v. Sungard Data Systems, Inc.

Holding that Congress did not intend to hold individual employees liable under Title VII, which is parallel to the ADEA in many ways

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading

Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."

Rule 23 - Class Actions

Holding that, to certify a class, the court must find that "questions of law or fact common to class members predominate over any questions affecting only individual members"

Section 201 - Short title

Setting fourteen as the minimum age for most non-agricultural work

Section 215 - Prohibited acts; prima facie evidence

Recognizing as a protected activity an individual's “testif[ying] ... in any such proceeding” “under or related to this chapter”

Section 260.1 - Short title