550 U.S. 544 (2007) Cited 276,716 times 369 Legal Analyses
Holding that allegations of conduct that are merely consistent with wrongdoing do not state a claim unless "placed in a context that raises a suggestion of" such wrongdoing
512 U.S. 477 (1994) Cited 30,073 times 25 Legal Analyses
Holding that a Section 1983 plaintiff may not seek damages for an allegedly unconstitutional conviction or sentence unless the conviction or sentence has been invalidated
Holding for pro se litigants that "conclusory allegations without supporting factual averments are insufficient to state a claim on which relief can be based"
Holding that post-approval design defect claim against brand-name drug manufacturers was "clearly preempted" because "federal law prohibited defendants from decreasing the dosage of estrogen post- approval"
Holding that defendant's plea of no contest, accompanied by a withhold of adjudication of guilt, nevertheless established probable cause for the defendant's arrest and precluded a collateral challenge of the legality of that arrest by way of a civil suit for false arrest
Fed. R. Evid. 201 Cited 29,431 times 26 Legal Analyses
Holding "[n]ormally, in deciding a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim, courts must limit their inquiry to the facts stated in the complaint and the documents either attached to or incorporated in the complaint. However, courts may also consider matters of which they may take judicial notice."