Ashcroft v. Iqbal

Holding that courts are not required "to credit a complaint's conclusory statements without reference to its factual context"

Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

Holding that allegations of conduct that are merely consistent with wrongdoing do not state a claim unless "placed in a context that raises a suggestion of" such wrongdoing

Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc.

Holding that summary judgment is appropriate when the evidence is "so one-sided that one party must prevail as a matter of law"

Celotex Corp. v. Catrett

Holding that a movant's summary judgment motion should be granted "against a [nonmovant] who fails to make a showing sufficient to establish the existence of an element essential to that party's case, and on which that party will bear the burden of proof at trial"

Fowler v. UPMC Shadyside

Holding that the district court did not abuse its discretion "in denying a motion for a class action determination which was untimely under the local rule"

Pinker v. Roche Holdings Ltd.

Holding that in ruling on a Rule 12(b) motion we must accept all of the plaintiff's allegations as true and construct disputed facts in favor of the plaintiff.

Warren General Hosp., v. Amgen Inc.

Holding that the indirect purchaser rule applies to prescription drug sales and noting that "[b]ecause of the complicated interplay between market forced, the possibility that the wholesaler was harmed by defendant's actions exists even if the majority of the injury is borne by the indirect purchaser"

In re Frescati Shipping Co.

Declining to preclude CARCO from raising "equitable defense to the Government’s subrogation claims"

Bello v. Romeo

Noting pro se litigants are required to comply with the summary judgment procedures outlined in Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 56 (citing Zilich v. Lucht, 981 F.2d 694, 696 (3d Cir. 1992))

Boston Edison Co. v. Great Lakes Dredge Dock

In Boston Edison Co. v. Great Lakes Dredge Dock Co., 423 F.2d 891 (CA 1 1970), the permittee argued that the exculpatory clause violated public policy, relying primarily on Bisso v. Inland Waterways Corp., 349 U.S. 85, 75 S.Ct. 629, 99 L.Ed. 911 (1955).

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Rule 56 - Summary Judgment

Holding a party may move for summary judgment on any part of any claim or defense in the lawsuit

Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading

Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."

Rule 14 - Third-Party Practice

Striking improper third-party claim is appropriate remedy

Section 403 - Obstruction of navigable waters generally; wharves; piers, etc.; excavations and filling in

Requiring federal permission to "excavate or fill, or in any manner to alter or modify the course, location, condition, or capacity of, any ... canal"

Section 7101 - Definitions

Providing that a "contactor" is "a party to a Federal Government contract other than the Federal Government"

Section 1 - Regulations by Secretary of the Army for navigation of waters generally

Recognizing the dual aims of protection of life and property, and protection of operations in navigable channels

Section 2201 - "Secretary" defined

Defining the "Secretary"

Section 329.11 - Geographic and jurisdictional limits of rivers and lakes