Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

Holding that allegations of conduct that are merely consistent with wrongdoing do not state a claim unless "placed in a context that raises a suggestion of" such wrongdoing

Papasan v. Allain

Holding that Ex parte Young would not support a suit against a state for ongoing liability for an alleged past breach of trust, since "continuing payment of the income from the lost corpus is essentially equivalent in economic terms to a one-time restoration of the lost corpus itself"

Eastman Kodak Co. v. Image Technical Services, Inc.

Holding that "it is clearly reasonable to infer that [the defendant] has market power to raise prices and drive out competition in the aftermarkets" for service and parts despite an undisputed lack of market power in the initial product

United States v. Grinnell Corp.

Holding a series of three acquisitions "eliminated any possibility of an outbreak of competition" and thereby "perfected the monopoly power to exclude competitors and fix prices."

Verizon Comm. v. Law Offices of Trinko

Holding even a monopolist has no duty to cooperate with rivals

Brown Shoe Co. v. United States

Holding judgment final and appealable where district court passed on every prayer for relief in the complaint and ordered full divestiture of stock, although court had not yet approved a divestiture plan

Jefferson Parish Hospital Dist. No. 2 v. Hyde

Holding that "any inquiry into the validity of a tying arrangement must focus on the market or markets in which the two products are sold, for that is where the anticompetitive forcing has its impact"

Federal Trade Commission v. Indiana Federation of Dentists

Holding that deference is due FTC's assessment of business practices

Northern Pac. R. Co. v. United States

Finding market power based on the uniqueness of the owned land

United States v. du Pont Co.

Holding relevant market is defined by "commodities reasonably interchangeable by consumers for the same purposes" as subject product; finding, where product was cellophane, relevant product market was "flexible packaging material market"

Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading

Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."

Section 2 - Monopolizing trade a felony; penalty

In § 2 cases under the Sherman Act, as in § 7 cases under the Clayton Act (Brown Shoe Co. v. United States, 370 U.S. 294, 325) there may be submarkets that are separate economic entities.

Section 1 - Trusts, etc., in restraint of trade illegal; penalty

Forbidding every "contract, combination . . . or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce among the several States"

Section 152 - Application of chapter

Granting the FCC authority to regulate "interstate and foreign communication by wire or radio" but preventing it from regulating "intrastate communication service"

Section 549 - Competitive availability of navigation devices