Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

Holding that a complaint's allegations should "contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face' "

Miranda v. Arizona

Holding that statements obtained by custodial interrogation of a criminal defendant without warning of constitutional rights are inadmissible under the Fifth Amendment

Hishon v. King Spalding

Holding Title VII applies to selection for non-employee positions if consideration for that position can be regarded as one of "terms, conditions, or privileges of employment" of a covered job

American Mfrs. Mut. Ins. Co. v. Sullivan

Holding that the private insurers were not state actors

Conley v. Gibson

Holding that "a complaint should not be dismissed for failure to state a claim unless it appears beyond doubt that the plaintiff can prove no set of facts in support of his claim which would entitle him to relief"

Gonzaga University v. Doe

Holding that nothing "short of an unambiguously conferred right ... support a cause of action brought under § 1983"

Board of Regents v. Roth

Holding that where a public employee's appointment terminated on a particular date and there was no provision for renewal after that date, the employee "did not have a property interest sufficient to require . . . a hearing when [the officials] declined to renew his contract of employment."

Warth v. Seldin

Holding that Article III requires plaintiffs "to establish that, in fact, the asserted injury was the consequence of the defendants' actions"

Gomez v. Toledo

Holding that defendant bears burden of pleading defenses

Allis-Chalmers Corp. v. Lueck

Holding that § 301 does not preempt state law claims based on non-negotiable, independent rights

Section 1983 - Civil action for deprivation of rights

Holding liable any state actor who "subjects, or causes [a person] to be subjected" to a constitutional violation

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Rule 11 - Signing Pleadings, Motions, and Other Papers; Representations to the Court; Sanctions

Holding an "unrepresented party" to the same standard as an attorney

Rule 78 - Hearing Motions; Submission on Briefs

Providing that court may decide motions on written statements of reasons in support and opposition to expedite business

Section 59:8-8 - Time for presentation of claims

Allowing a claimant to sue only "[a]fter the expiration of six months from the date notice of claim is received"

Section 34:19-3 - Retaliatory action prohibited

Identifying basis for CEPA cause of action as employee's "reasonabl[e] belie[f]" that employer's act "is in violation of a law, or a rule or regulation promulgated pursuant to law . . . is fraudulent or criminal[, or] . . . is incompatible with a clear mandate of public policy concerning the public health, safety or welfare or protection of the environment"

Section 2A:15-5.1 - Contributory negligence; elimination as bar to recovery; comparative negligence to determine damages

Section 2A:15-5.12 - Award of punitive damages; determination

Listing one factor supporting punitive damages as whether "serious harm would arise from the defendant's conduct"

Section 34:19-8 - Other rights, remedies unaffected

Commencing a CEPA action "shall be deemed a waiver of the rights and remedies available under any other . . . State law"

Section 2A:15-5.9 - Short title