61 Cited authorities

Ashcroft v. Iqbal
556 U.S. 662 (2009) Cited 254,433 times 279 Legal Analyses
Holding that a claim is plausible where a plaintiff's allegations enable the court to draw a "reasonable inference" the defendant is liable
Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly
550 U.S. 544 (2007) Cited 268,213 times 366 Legal Analyses
Holding that a complaint's allegations should "contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face' "
Erickson v. Pardus
551 U.S. 89 (2007) Cited 62,082 times 3 Legal Analyses
Holding that a complaint must "give the defendant fair notice of what the . . . claim is and the grounds upon which it rests"
Burlington N. & Santa Fe Ry. Co. v. White
548 U.S. 53 (2006) Cited 11,286 times 104 Legal Analyses
Holding that a jury could find a reassignment from a position with "an indication of prestige" to one involving less desirable responsibilities "would have been materially adverse to a reasonable employee"
Estelle v. Gamble
429 U.S. 97 (1976) Cited 55,149 times 7 Legal Analyses
Holding that the government has an obligation to provide medical care to incarcerated persons
Conley v. Gibson
355 U.S. 41 (1957) Cited 58,602 times 25 Legal Analyses
Holding that "a complaint should not be dismissed for failure to state a claim unless it appears beyond doubt that the plaintiff can prove no set of facts in support of his claim which would entitle him to relief"
Phillips v. County of Allegheny
515 F.3d 224 (3d Cir. 2008) Cited 16,907 times 2 Legal Analyses
Holding that a district court need not permit a curative amendment if such amendment would be futile
Fowler v. UPMC Shadyside
578 F.3d 203 (3d Cir. 2009) Cited 14,140 times 4 Legal Analyses
Holding that the district court did not abuse its discretion "in denying a motion for a class action determination which was untimely under the local rule"
Edelman v. Jordan
415 U.S. 651 (1974) Cited 8,144 times 1 Legal Analyses
Holding that waiver may be found in "express language" or by "overwhelming implications from the text"
Cbocs West, Inc. v. Humphries
553 U.S. 442 (2008) Cited 1,110 times 10 Legal Analyses
Holding that a plaintiff may bring a retaliation claim under § 1981 to vindicate the § 1981 rights of another
Section 1983 - Civil action for deprivation of rights
42 U.S.C. § 1983 Cited 489,268 times 693 Legal Analyses
Holding liable any state actor who "subjects, or causes [a person] to be subjected" to a constitutional violation
Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing
Fed. R. Civ. P. 12 Cited 347,669 times 925 Legal Analyses
Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss
Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading
Fed. R. Civ. P. 8 Cited 157,162 times 196 Legal Analyses
Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."
Section 2000e - Definitions
42 U.S.C. § 2000e Cited 51,616 times 129 Legal Analyses
Granting EEOC authority to issue procedural regulations to carry out Title VII provisions
Section 1981 - Equal rights under the law
42 U.S.C. § 1981 Cited 38,005 times 242 Legal Analyses
Granting equal rights to "make and enforce contracts" without regard to race
Section 623 - Prohibition of age discrimination
29 U.S.C. § 623 Cited 10,106 times 51 Legal Analyses
Holding that under the ADEA, it is unlawful to discriminate against individuals who are at least forty years of age
Section 955 - Unlawful discriminatory practices
43 Pa. Stat. § 955 Cited 502 times 3 Legal Analyses
Expressing that section 5 of the PHRA only concerns discrimination by an "employer"

Naugle v. Susquehanna University et al

61 Cited authorities

Holding that a claim is plausible where a plaintiff's allegations enable the court to draw a "reasonable inference" the defendant is liable

Holding that a complaint's allegations should "contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face' "

Holding that a complaint must "give the defendant fair notice of what the . . . claim is and the grounds upon which it rests"

Holding that a jury could find a reassignment from a position with "an indication of prestige" to one involving less desirable responsibilities "would have been materially adverse to a reasonable employee"

Holding that the government has an obligation to provide medical care to incarcerated persons

Holding that "a complaint should not be dismissed for failure to state a claim unless it appears beyond doubt that the plaintiff can prove no set of facts in support of his claim which would entitle him to relief"

Holding that a district court need not permit a curative amendment if such amendment would be futile

Holding that the district court did not abuse its discretion "in denying a motion for a class action determination which was untimely under the local rule"

Holding that waiver may be found in "express language" or by "overwhelming implications from the text"

Holding that a plaintiff may bring a retaliation claim under § 1981 to vindicate the § 1981 rights of another

Holding liable any state actor who "subjects, or causes [a person] to be subjected" to a constitutional violation

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."

Granting EEOC authority to issue procedural regulations to carry out Title VII provisions

Granting equal rights to "make and enforce contracts" without regard to race

Holding that under the ADEA, it is unlawful to discriminate against individuals who are at least forty years of age

Expressing that section 5 of the PHRA only concerns discrimination by an "employer"