Steel Co. v. Citizens for Better Env't

Holding that a court "act ultra vires" when it assumes "hypothetical jurisdiction" in order to rule on the merits

Arlington Heights v. Metropolitan Housing Corp.

Holding that plaintiffs need show only that "a discriminatory purpose has been a motivating factor in the decision," because, after all, "[r]arely can it be said that a legislature or administrative body operating under a broad mandate made a decision motivated solely by a single concern, or even that a particular purpose was the ‘dominant’ or ‘primary’ one."

Department of Interior v. Klamath Water Users Prot. A.

Holding that the determination that records are not inter- or intra-agency "rules out any application of Exemption 5"

Fisher v. United States

Holding that act of producing evidence may, in some circumstances, trigger Fifth Amendment safeguards

Nat'l Labor Relations Bd. v. Sears, Roebuck & Co.

Holding that FOIA does not compel agencies to write or create material to explain disclosed documents

McCreary County v. American Civil Liberties Union

Holding that copies of the Ten Commandments posted in municipal courtrooms were hung to advance sectarian purpose, in part based on statements made by judicial official at the time the Commandments were posted

Edwards v. Aguillard

Holding that Louisiana's Balanced Treatment for Creation-Science and Evolution-Science in Public School Instruction Act was unconstitutional because the act's primary purpose was the promotion of a particular religious belief

Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe

Holding unconstitutional student-initiated and student-led prayer at school football games

Zelman v. Simmons-Harris

Holding that school voucher program may offer vouchers for use in religious schools as well as secular schools without violating establishment clause

United States v. Morgan

Holding that the Secretary of Agriculture should not have been ordered to testify "regarding the process by which he reached the conclusions of his [stockyard market rate-setting] order, including the manner and extent of his study of the record and his consultation with subordinates"

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Rule 26 - Duty to Disclose; General Provisions Governing Discovery

Adopting Fed.R.Civ.P. 37

Section 1292 - Interlocutory decisions

Granting appellate jurisdiction over certain types of interlocutory orders

Rule 5 - Serving and Filing Pleadings and Other Papers

Allowing service by filing papers with the court's electronic-filing system

Rule 45 - Subpoena

Holding that a subpoena may command a person to attend a trial, hearing, or deposition "within 100 miles of where the person resides, is employed, or regularly transacts business in person"

Rule 30 - Depositions by Oral Examination

Upholding a district court's decision not to consider the plaintiff's deposition errata sheets in opposition to a motion for summary judgment when they were untimely

Rule 34 - Producing Documents, Electronically Stored Information, and Tangible Things, or Entering onto Land, for Inspection and Other Purposes

Finding that the rules related to electronic discovery were "not meant to create a routine right of direct access to a party's electronic information system, although such access may be justified in some circumstances."

Rule 33 - Interrogatories to Parties

Adopting Rule 30(b)

Rule 36 - Requests for Admission

Noting that facts admitted pursuant to a Rule 36 discovery request are "conclusively established unless the court, on motion, permits the admission to be withdrawn or amended"

Section 5201 - Purposes