Holding that evidence that was not referred to in non-movant's opposition to summary judgment was not properly before the district court on summary judgment and would not be considered on appeal
Holding that non-preemption under the second step of what was then called the "Freeman –Walter –Abele test" requires that the claim be "tied to a particular machine or bring about a particular transformation of a particular article"
Holding that an American company's “nontrivial financial loss in the United States in the form of funds not remitted to its account at a Texas bank” was a direct effect
Holding that “[p]rocedural lapses during examination [such as in that case, an examiner's not recording a phone call] ... do not provide grounds of invalidity”
620 F. Supp. 2d 1068 (N.D. Cal. 2009) Cited 11 times
Finding a method for detecting fraud in credit card transactions over the Internet directed to unpatentable subject matter as the method was not limited to a particular machine, in part, because the process could occur offline: "To give but one example, a merchant taking an order over the telephone could use records or databases to cross-check all credit card numbers associated with that telephone number"
Finding that "[i]t is permissible under [United States v.] Morgan[, 313 U.S. 409 (1941)] and its progeny to determine from an examiner whether a party had submitted certain information, or whether specific prior art was before the examiner"
35 U.S.C. § 101 Cited 3,400 times 2189 Legal Analyses
Defining patentable subject matter as "any new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof."