Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

Holding that allegations of conduct that are merely consistent with wrongdoing do not state a claim unless "placed in a context that raises a suggestion of" such wrongdoing

Tony & Susan Alamo Found. v. Sec'y of Labor

Holding that workers were employees, not volunteers, where food, shelter, and other benefits upon which they were dependent constituted “wages in another form”

Jeffery v. Sarasota White Sox, Inc.

Holding that moving party has initial burden of showing there is no genuine dispute of material fact for trial

Milwaukee v. Illinois

Holding that amendments to the Clean Water Act displaced the nuisance claim recognized in Milwaukee I

Goldberg v. Whitaker House Coop

Holding that the test of employment under the FLSA is the economic reality test

U.S. ex Rel. Joshi v. St. Luke's Hosp., Inc.

Holding that pleading standards are not relaxed when the fraudulent scheme is complex, the scheme took place over a long period of time, or information concerning the fraud is in the defendant's control

Abels v. Farmers Commodities Corp.

Finding the allegations of fraud sufficient because the complaint “tells who spoke” the fraudulent misrepresentations

Phillips Inc. v. Walling

Holding that exemptions from remedial legislation must be narrowly construed

Mulhall v. Advance Sec., Inc.

Holding that although class titles are a relevant part of the inquiry as to whether two individuals had substantially similar jobs, it is not the end of inquiry

Walling v. Portland Terminal Co.

Holding that unpaid trainees whose "work serve[d] only [their] own interest" were not suffered or permitted to work and thus were not employees under the FLSA

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Rule 15 - Amended and Supplemental Pleadings

Finding that, per N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 1024, New York law provides a more forgiving principle for relation back in the context of naming John Doe defendants described with particularity in the complaint

Rule 9 - Pleading Special Matters

Requiring that fraud be pleaded with particularity

Section 206 - Minimum wage

Asking only whether the alleged inequality resulted from “any other factor other than sex”

Section 203 - Definitions

Recognizing that "custom or practice" under a collective-bargaining agreement can make changing clothes noncompensable

Section 213 - Exemptions

Exempting from provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act "any employee employed on a casual basis in domestic service employment to provide companionship services for individuals who (because of age or infirmity) are unable to care for themselves (as such terms are defined and delimited by regulations of the Secretary)"

Section 202 - Congressional finding and declaration of policy

Finding that domestic service employees affect commerce

Section 1620.9 - Meaning of "establishment."

Stating that “each physically separate place of business is ordinarily considered a separate establishment”

Section 779.23 - Establishment

Defining "establishment," for purposes of the Fair Labor Standards Act as a "`distinct physical place of business' . . . consistent with the meaning of the term as it is normally used in business and in government. . . ."

Section 779.305 - Separate establishments on the same premises