Holding that in providing prophylactic relief in the context of a "fundamental right of access to [state] courts," Title II of the ADA "constitutes a valid exercise of Congress's § 5 authority to enforce the guarantees of the Fourteenth Amendment" and abrogates the states' Eleventh Amendment sovereign immunity
538 U.S. 721 (2003) Cited 673 times 9 Legal Analyses
Holding FMLA family leave provision validly abrogated state sovereign immunity: "pervasive sex-role stereotype that caring for family members is women’s work," in turn "foster[ing] employers’ stereotypical views about women’s commitment to work and their value as employees"
557 U.S. 193 (2009) Cited 199 times 2 Legal Analyses
Holding that the district at issue was eligible to seek bailout under the Voting Rights Act and therefore "not reach[ing] the constitutionality of § 5"
Holding that likely discrimination against Puerto Ricans in areas other than voting supported statute abolishing literacy test as qualification for voting
494 U.S. 715 (1990) Cited 182 times 2 Legal Analyses
Holding that an attorney who had allegedly collected illegal fees under the Black Lung Benefits Act had standing to raise black lung benefit claimants' due process right to legal representation
Holding that a claim for declaratory relief regarding electoral redistricting was not moot, despite the election having come and gone, because the existing plan would have probable continuing effect as a baseline for future redistricting plans