Robinson v. Shell Oil Co.

Holding that the term “employees” carries a different meaning in different sections of Title VII

INS v. Cardoza-Fonseca

Holding that the phrase "well-founded fear," which is also found in 8 U.S.C. § 1101, is ambiguous

Cafasso v. General Dynamics C4 Systems

Holding a complaint failed to satisfy Rule 9(b) where the allegations were lacking in detail

Davis v. Michigan Dept. of Treasury

Holding that "the relevant inquiry is whether the inconsistent tax treatment is directly related to, and justified by, `significant differences between the two classes'"

Reiter v. Sonotone Corp.

Holding that "injury to business or property" was not limited to commercial interests

Allison Engine Co. v. U.S. ex Rel. Sanders

Holding that an action under subsection requires a relater to allege "that the defendant intended that the false record or statement be material to the Government's decision to pay or approve the false claim"

Schindler Elevator v. U.S. ex Rel. Kirk

Holding that the relator stated an FCA claim where the contractor “filed false ... reports, necessarily knowing that they were false because [it] in fact had no mechanism in place to identify covered [individuals]. It did so in order to procure contracts and obtain payment under existing contracts, as it could do neither without filing the reports.”

Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. Federal Communications Commission

Holding that a court must give “great weight” to amendments to a statute that clarify its proper construction

Graham Cty. Soil Water Con. v. U.S. ex Rel. Wilson

Holding that in assessing timeliness of a FCA retaliation claim, courts should borrow the most closely analogous state limitations period

United States v. Hohri

Holding Congress' desire to create national uniformity requires that the Federal Circuit decide questions arising under the federal Constitution and statutes whenever such questions arise in cases within the Federal Circuit's jurisdiction

Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading

Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."

Rule 15 - Amended and Supplemental Pleadings

Finding that, per N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 1024, New York law provides a more forgiving principle for relation back in the context of naming John Doe defendants described with particularity in the complaint

Section 3729 - False claims

Holding liable "any person" who knowingly causes false claims to be presented

Section 3730 - Civil actions for false claims

Granting the government primary responsibility for conducting suit

Section 3731 - False claims procedure

In § 3731(a), Congress apparently used the phrase "under section 3730" to mean all three § 3730 actions. § 3731(a) (a "subpoena requiring the attendance of a witness at a trial or hearing conducted under section 3730 of this title may be served at any place in the United States").

Section 2416 - Time for commencing actions brought by the United States-Exclusions

Tolling provision for civil claims by the United States seeking money damages applies only when “the United States is in a state of war declared pursuant to article I, section 8, of the Constitution of the United States.”

Section 3287 - Wartime suspension of limitations

Tolling statute of limitations for any offense involving fraud against the property of the United States until three years after the termination of hostilities

Section 1544 - Congressional action