Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

Holding that a complaint's allegations should "contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face' "

Beneficial Nat. Bank v. Anderson

Holding that the National Bank Act, 12 U.S.C. §§ 85, 86, completely preempts state-law usury claims against national banks

Associated General Contractors v. Carpenters

Holding that a union lacked standing to sue for injuries passed on to it by intermediaries

Mitsubishi Motors v. Soler Chrysler-Plymouth

Holding that the Act emphatically favors arbitration

Equal Emp't Opportunity Comm'n v. Waffle House, Inc.

Holding that a private arbitration agreement between an employee and an employer could not bind a nonparty governmental agency, the EEOC, and thus that the agreement—which was enforceable against the employee under the Federal Arbitration Act—did not limit the types of remedies the agency could seek in an enforcement action it initiated under Title VII

The Bremen v. Zapata Off-Shore Co.

Holding that courts should enforce a choice-of-law clause when it is part of a "freely negotiated private international agreement"

Carnival Cruise Lines, Inc. v. Shute

Holding that forum-selection clause in cruise passengers' form contract was reasonable and enforceable where there was "no indication" that the designated forum was chosen to "discourag[e] cruise passengers from pursing legitimate claims"

Fidelity Federal Savings & Loan Ass'n v. De La Cuesta

Holding that a regulation authorizing federal savings-and-loan associations to include due-on-sale clauses in mortgage contracts conflicted with a state-court doctrine that such clauses were un-enforceable

Galbraith v. County of Santa Clara

Holding that plaintiff's allegations that a coroner's knowingly or recklessly false statements led to his arrest and prosecution were sufficient to state a § 1983 claim

Cel-Tech Communications, Inc. v. Los Angeles Cellular Telephone Co.

Holding that for an act to be "unfair," it must "threaten" a violation of law or "violate the policy or spirit of one of those laws because its effects are comparable to or the same as a violation of the law"

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading

Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."

Rule 9 - Pleading Special Matters

Permitting "[m]alice, intent, knowledge, and other conditions of a person's mind [to] be alleged generally"

Section 17200 - Unfair competition defined

Prohibiting unlawful business practices

Section 45 - Unfair methods of competition unlawful; prevention by Commission

Providing court-ordered monetary penalties against anyone who engages in conduct previously identified as prohibited in a final cease and desist order, but only if the violator acted with "actual knowledge that such act or practice is unfair or deceptive"

Section 17204 - Actions for Injunctions by Attorney General, District Attorney, County Counsel, and City Attorneys

Allowing actions brought by "any person who has suffered injury in fact and has lost money or property"

Section 24 - Corporate powers of associations

Authorizing banks "[t]o exercise . . . all such incidental powers as shall be necessary to carry on the business of banking; by discounting and negotiating promissory notes, drafts, bills of exchange, and other evidences of debt . . . and by obtaining, issuing, and circulating notes"

Section 21 - Formation of national banking associations; incorporators; articles of association

Governing formation of national banks and their entry into articles of association

Section 484 - Limitation on visitorial powers

Limiting the exercise of visitorial powers, "except as authorized by Federal law . . ."

Section 433.2 - Preservation of consumers' claims and defenses, unfair or deceptive acts or practices

Providing that "[a]ny holder of this consumer credit contract is subject to all claims and defenses which the debtor could assert against the seller"

Section 7.4008 - Lending by national banks

Allowing banks to make non-real estate loans without regard to, inter alia, “disclosure and advertising”

Section 433.1 - Definitions

Section 7.4009 - Reserved

Declaring that national banks are subject to state laws "not inconsistent" with national banks' powers, "to the extent that [those laws] only incidentally affect the exercise of national bank powers."