Ashcroft v. Iqbal

Holding court need not credit "mere conclusory statements" in complaint

Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

Holding that allegations of conduct that are merely consistent with wrongdoing do not state a claim unless "placed in a context that raises a suggestion of" such wrongdoing

Buckman Co. v. Plaintiffs' Legal Committee

Holding that federal drug and medical device laws pre-empted a state tort-law claim based on failure to properly communicate with the FDA

Vess v. Ciba-Geigy Corp. USA

Holding that the Rule 9(b) pleading standards apply to California CLRA, FAL, and UCL claims because, though fraud is not an essential element of those statutes, a plaintiff alleges a fraudulent course of conduct as the basis of those claims

Kearns v. Ford Motor Co.

Holding that circumstances constituting fraud must be stated with particularity

Cahill v. Liberty Mut. Ins. Co.

Holding that allegations of material fact are taken as true and construed in the light most favorable to plaintiff

Landis v. North American Co.

Holding that a decision to stay proceedings "calls for the exercise of judgment, which must weigh competing interests and maintain an even balance"

Pom Wonderful LLC v. Coca-Cola Co.

Holding that the FDCA did not bar a Lanham Act claim alleging that a "Pomegranate-Blueberry" juice blend was misleadingly labeled because it contained only 0.3% pomegranate juice and 0.2% blueberry juice

Lockyer v. Mirant Corp.

Holding that the district court's stay was improper where, among other considerations, "the proceeding in the bankruptcy court [was] unlikely to decide, or contribute to the decision of, the factual and legal issues before the district court"

Mazza v. American Honda Motor Co.

Holding a class definition as fatally overbroad where many class members learned that the advertising was misleading before purchase

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading

Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."

Rule 9 - Pleading Special Matters

Requiring that fraud be pleaded with particularity

Section 1750 - Title of act

Section 337 - Proceedings in name of United States; provision as to subpoenas

Providing that suits to enforce the FDCA generally must be brought "by and in the name of the United States"

Section 343 - Misbranded food

Setting labeling requirements for food products

Section 2313 - Express warranties by affirmation, promise, description, sample

Stating that an express warranty is a "promise made by the seller to the buyer which relates to the goods"

Section 2314 - Implied warranty: merchantability; usage of trade

Adopting and codifying Uniform Commercial Code § 2-314

Section 101.11 - Nutrition labeling of standard menu items in covered establishments