Will v. Michigan Dept. of State Police

Holding that official capacity state officer suits for prospective injunctive relief are suits against a "person" under § 1983 even though a "State" is not a "person" under that statute

Steel Co. v. Citizens for Better Env't

Holding that a court "act ultra vires" when it assumes "hypothetical jurisdiction" in order to rule on the merits

Los Angeles v. Lyons

Holding there is no justiciable controversy where plaintiff had once been subjected to a chokehold

Vermont Agency of Nat. Res. v. U.S. ex rel. Stevens

Holding that States are not subject to private FCA actions

Tyler v. Cain

Holding that "made" means "held" under identical language in § 2244(b) and that it must be held retroactive by the Supreme Court

United States v. Nixon

Holding appeal of District Court's denial of motion to quash subpoena duces tecum was in the Court of Appeals for purposes of § 1254

United States v. Nordic Village, Inc.

Holding that the existence of "plausible" interpretations that would not permit recovery "is enough to establish that a reading imposing monetary liability on the Government is not ‘unambiguous' and therefore should not be adopted"

Alderman v. United States

Holding that the victim of a warrantless search may object to the use of its fruits "not because he had any interest in the seized items as 'effects' protected by the Fourth Amendment, but because they were the fruits of an unauthorized search of his house, which is itself expressly protected by the Fourth Amendment"

Davis v. Michigan Dept. of Treasury

Holding that "the relevant inquiry is whether the inconsistent tax treatment is directly related to, and justified by, `significant differences between the two classes'"

United States v. Hubbell

Holding foregone conclusion exception did not apply to request for broad categories such as "tax records" when the government made no showing "that it had any prior knowledge of either the existence or the whereabouts of the 13,120 pages of documents ultimately produced" under an immunity agreement

Rule 4 - Summons

Holding that if defendant is not served within 90 days after the complaint is filed, the court—on a motion, or on its own following notice to the plaintiff—must dismiss the action without prejudice against that defendant or order that service be made by a certain time

Section 2520 - Recovery of civil damages authorized

Permitting recovery of actual and punitive damages, as well as a reasonable attorney's fee and other costs of litigation reasonably incurred

Section 2707 - Civil action

Granting relief to those "aggrieved by any violation of this chapter in which the conduct constituting the violation is engaged in with a knowing or intentional state of mind"

Section 1801 - Definitions

Defining "United States person" to be a "citizen of the United States, an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence" or certain unincorporated associations or corporations with ties to the United States

Section 3504 - Litigation concerning sources of evidence

Providing that when an aggrieved party alleges that "evidence is inadmissible because it is the primary product of an unlawful act [under the Omnibus Act] or because it was obtained by the exploitation of an unlawful act, the opponent of the claim shall affirm or deny the occurrence of the alleged unlawful act"

Section 1806 - Use of information

Allowing in camera , ex parte review of the legality of electronic surveillance under FISA Subchapter I if "the Attorney General files an affidavit under oath that disclosure or an adversary hearing would harm the national security of the United States"

Section 403-1 - Transferred

Providing that "[t]he Director of National Intelligence shall protect intelligence sources and methods from unauthorized disclosure"

Section 2712 - Civil actions against the United States

Providing that "any person who is aggrieved by any willful violation of this chapter . . . may commence an action in United States District Court against the United States to recover money damages."

Section 402 - Transferred

Section 1810 - Civil liability

Recognizing that an " aggrieved person" is entitled to recover " actual damages, but not less than liquidated damages of $1,000 or $100 per day for each day of violation, whichever is greater"