Ashcroft v. Iqbal

Holding that a claim is plausible where a plaintiff's allegations enable the court to draw a "reasonable inference" the defendant is liable

Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

Holding that a complaint's allegations should "contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face' "

Scheuer v. Rhodes

Holding that executive branch officers had qualified immunity

United States v. Mitchell

Holding that "the Tucker Act effects a waiver of sovereign immunity" and observing that "the existence of consent [to be sued] is a prerequisite for jurisdiction"

E.I. Du Pont De Nemours & Co. v. Kolon Industries, Inc.

Holding that exclusive dealing agreements are unlawful where they "severely limit ... competition for the most important customers in categories needed to gain a foothold for effective competition"

United States v. Testan

Holding that Back Pay Act does not provide a remedy for misclassified federal employees

John R. Sand & Gravel Co. v. United States

Holding § 2501 jurisdictional

Richmond, Fredericksburg Potomac R. v. U.S.

Holding that the limitations period started when the plaintiff first learned of the disputed covenant, not when the government later attempted to enforce that covenant for the first time

Evans v. B.F. Perkins Company

Holding that when a defendant challenges subject matter jurisdiction pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b), the court may consider evidence outside the pleadings without converting the proceeding to one for summary judgment

Adams v. Bain

Holding that "where the jurisdictional facts are intertwined with the facts central to the merits of the dispute, . . . the entire factual dispute is appropriately resolved only by a proceeding on the merits" and it is inappropriate to dismiss the case for lack of subject-matter jurisdiction

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Rule 23 - Class Actions

Holding that, to certify a class, the court must find that "questions of law or fact common to class members predominate over any questions affecting only individual members"

Section 1346 - United States as defendant

Determining liability to the claimant "in accordance with the law of the place where the act or omission occurred"

Section 1295 - Jurisdiction of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit

Granting jurisdiction to the Federal Circuit over cases arising from executive agency board of contract appeals

Section 2401 - Time for commencing action against United States

Providing that a tort claim against the United States must be presented to the appropriate federal agency within two years after the claim accrues

Section 1491 - Claims against United States generally; actions involving Tennessee Valley Authority

Adopting the standard in 5 U.S.C. § 706

Section 714 - Creation and purpose of Corporation

Creating a “body corporate to be known as Commodity Credit Corporation ..., which shall be an agency and instrumentality of the United States, within the Department of Agriculture, subject to the general supervision and direction of the Secretary of Agriculture”

Section 1469.23 - Program payments