66 Cited authorities

  1. Ashcroft v. Iqbal

    556 U.S. 662 (2009)   Cited 253,484 times   279 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a claim is plausible where a plaintiff's allegations enable the court to draw a "reasonable inference" the defendant is liable
  2. Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

    550 U.S. 544 (2007)   Cited 267,331 times   365 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a complaint's allegations should "contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face' "
  3. ATSI Communications, Inc. v. Shaar Fund, Ltd.

    493 F.3d 87 (2d Cir. 2007)   Cited 3,880 times   6 Legal Analyses
    Holding that deception occurs when "investors are misled to believe that prices at which they purchase and sell securities are determined by the natural interplay of supply and demand, not rigged by manipulators"
  4. DiFolco v. MSNBC Cable L.L.C.

    622 F.3d 104 (2d Cir. 2010)   Cited 2,386 times
    Holding that "[i]n considering a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim pursuant to Rule 12(b), a district court may consider . . . documents incorporated by reference in the complaint" and any document "where the complaint relies heavily upon its terms and effect, thereby rendering the document integral to the complaint"
  5. Mine Workers v. Pennington

    381 U.S. 657 (1965)   Cited 1,626 times   20 Legal Analyses
    Holding that immunity extends to petitioning conduct “either standing alone or as part of a broader scheme”
  6. Eastern R. Conf. v. Noerr Motors

    365 U.S. 127 (1961)   Cited 1,889 times   24 Legal Analyses
    Holding that antitrust laws do not apply to businesses combining to lobby the government, even where such conduct has an anticompetitive purpose and an anticompetitive effect, because the alternative "would raise important constitutional questions" under the First Amendment
  7. Lama Holding Co. v. Smith Barney Inc.

    88 N.Y.2d 413 (N.Y. 1996)   Cited 2,156 times   3 Legal Analyses
    Holding that damages that are "undeterminable" or speculative cannot serve as the basis of a fraud claim
  8. Staehr v. Hartford Financial Serv

    547 F.3d 406 (2d Cir. 2008)   Cited 861 times   1 Legal Analyses
    Holding that matters judicially noticed by a court "are not considered matters outside the pleadings"
  9. Carvel Corp. v. Noonan

    3 N.Y.3d 182 (N.Y. 2004)   Cited 756 times   2 Legal Analyses
    Holding that to support a claim for tortious interference, a plaintiff may show either that the defendant's conduct was for the sole purpose of inflicting intentional harm on the plaintiff or amounted to "a crime or an independent tort"
  10. Aetna Cas. and Sur. v. Aniero Concrete

    404 F.3d 566 (2d Cir. 2005)   Cited 700 times
    Holding that a duty to disclose can arise when a party has made a partial or ambiguous statement
  11. Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading

    Fed. R. Civ. P. 8   Cited 156,633 times   194 Legal Analyses
    Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."
  12. Rule 201 - Judicial Notice of Adjudicative Facts

    Fed. R. Evid. 201   Cited 28,349 times   26 Legal Analyses
    Holding "[n]ormally, in deciding a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim, courts must limit their inquiry to the facts stated in the complaint and the documents either attached to or incorporated in the complaint. However, courts may also consider matters of which they may take judicial notice."
  13. Section R3016 - Particularity in specific actions

    N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 3016   Cited 4,855 times   1 Legal Analyses
    Providing that where a defense is based upon a fraud or misrepresentation "the circumstances constituting the wrong shall be stated in detail."
  14. Section 2701 - Unlawful access to stored communications

    18 U.S.C. § 2701   Cited 1,327 times   135 Legal Analyses
    Holding liable any person who "intentionally accesses without authorization a facility through which an electronic communication service is provided ... and thereby obtains, alters, or prevents authorized access to a wire or electronic communication while it is in electronic storage"
  15. Section 74 - Privileges in action for libel

    N.Y. Civ. Rights Law § 74   Cited 390 times   4 Legal Analyses

    A civil action cannot be maintained against any person, firm or corporation, for the publication of a fair and true report of any judicial proceeding, legislative proceeding or other official proceeding, or for any heading of the report which is a fair and true headnote of the statement published. This section does not apply to a libel contained in any other matter added by any person concerned in the publication; or in the report of anything said or done at the time and place of such a proceeding