77 Cited authorities

  1. Ashcroft v. Iqbal

    556 U.S. 662 (2009)   Cited 252,784 times   279 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a claim is plausible where a plaintiff's allegations enable the court to draw a "reasonable inference" the defendant is liable
  2. Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

    550 U.S. 544 (2007)   Cited 266,697 times   365 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a complaint's allegations should "contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face' "
  3. Walden v. Fiore

    571 U.S. 277 (2014)   Cited 4,301 times   49 Legal Analyses
    Holding that “the mere fact that [defendant's] conduct affected plaintiffs with connections to the forum State does not suffice to authorize jurisdiction.”
  4. Pennhurst State School Hosp. v. Halderman

    465 U.S. 89 (1984)   Cited 13,444 times   8 Legal Analyses
    Holding that sovereign immunity prohibits federal courts from "instruct[ing] state officials on how to conform their conduct to state law"
  5. Ruhrgas AG v. Marathon Oil Co.

    526 U.S. 574 (1999)   Cited 4,159 times   12 Legal Analyses
    Holding that, because "[t]hey keep the federal courts within the bounds the Constitution and Congress have prescribed," questions concerning subject matter jurisdiction "must be policed by the courts on their own initiative even at the highest level"
  6. Younger v. Harris

    401 U.S. 37 (1971)   Cited 16,710 times   14 Legal Analyses
    Holding that it was improper for the district court in that case to enjoin a state prosecution against Younger, in light of "the national policy forbidding federal courts to stay or enjoin pending state court proceedings except under special circumstances"
  7. Hartman v. Moore

    547 U.S. 250 (2006)   Cited 2,219 times   1 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a Bivens remedy may be available for malicious prosecution, but the plaintiff had to allege and prove lack of probable cause
  8. Int'l Shoe Co. v. Washington

    326 U.S. 310 (1945)   Cited 22,590 times   109 Legal Analyses
    Holding that states may exercise personal jurisdiction over out-of-state defendants with "certain minimum contacts with [the forum] such that the maintenance of the suit does not offend ‘traditional notions of fair play and substantial justice’ " (quoting Milliken v. Meyer , 311 U.S. 457, 463, 61 S.Ct. 339, 85 L.Ed. 278 (1940) )
  9. R.A.V. v. St. Paul

    505 U.S. 377 (1992)   Cited 1,614 times   8 Legal Analyses
    Holding the government may not "license one side of a debate to fight freestyle, while requiring the other to follow Marquis of Queensberry rules"
  10. Rosenberger v. Rector & Visitors of University of Virginia

    515 U.S. 819 (1995)   Cited 1,299 times   5 Legal Analyses
    Holding that the Establishment Clause does not bar disbursement of funds from student activity fees to religious organizations
  11. Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading

    Fed. R. Civ. P. 8   Cited 156,250 times   193 Legal Analyses
    Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."
  12. Section 1391 - Venue generally

    28 U.S.C. § 1391   Cited 27,824 times   197 Legal Analyses
    Finding that venue lies where a "substantial part of the events or omissions giving rise to the claim" occurred
  13. Section 1985 - Conspiracy to interfere with civil rights

    42 U.S.C. § 1985   Cited 19,829 times   10 Legal Analyses
    Concerning conspiracies to obstruct justice or intimidate a party, witness, or juror
  14. Section Amendment IV - Search and Seizure

    U.S. Const. amend. IV   Cited 26,700 times   2 Legal Analyses
    Recognizing that "[t]he right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized"
  15. Section Amendment XIV - Rights Guaranteed: Privileges and Immunities of Citizenship, Due Process, and Equal Protection

    U.S. Const. amend. XIV   Cited 11,428 times   3 Legal Analyses
    Prohibiting deprivations by “State”
  16. Section Amendment I - Religion and Expression

    U.S. Const. amend. I   Cited 7,097 times   3 Legal Analyses
    Recognizing the "right to petition the Government for redress of grievances"
  17. Section 8 - Powers of Congress

    U.S. Const. art. I, § 8   Cited 6,973 times   28 Legal Analyses
    Granting Congress the power to “provide for the common Defence,” to “regulate Commerce with foreign Nations,” and to “establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization”
  18. Section Amendment XI - Suits Against States

    U.S. Const. amend. XI   Cited 5,964 times
    Granting states immunity from cases "against one of the United States"
  19. Section 1461 - Mailing obscene or crime-inciting matter

    18 U.S.C. § 1461   Cited 419 times   9 Legal Analyses
    Mailing obscene matter
  20. Section 352 - Investigation by attorney-general

    N.Y. Gen. Bus. Law § 352   Cited 220 times   9 Legal Analyses
    Observing that in such situations "a witness subpoenaed to appear * * * has no constitutional right to * * * counsel" [supra, at 65]