90 Cited authorities

Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly
550 U.S. 544 (2007) Cited 267,669 times 366 Legal Analyses
Holding that a complaint's allegations should "contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face' "
Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc.
477 U.S. 242 (1986) Cited 236,608 times 38 Legal Analyses
Holding that summary judgment is not appropriate if "the dispute about a material fact is ‘genuine,’ that is, if the evidence is such that a reasonable jury could return a verdict for the nonmoving party"
Celotex Corp. v. Catrett
477 U.S. 317 (1986) Cited 216,641 times 40 Legal Analyses
Holding that a movant's summary judgment motion should be granted "against a [nonmovant] who fails to make a showing sufficient to establish the existence of an element essential to that party's case, and on which that party will bear the burden of proof at trial"
Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio
475 U.S. 574 (1986) Cited 113,284 times 38 Legal Analyses
Holding that, on summary judgment, antitrust plaintiffs "must show that the inference of conspiracy is reasonable in light of the competing inferences of independent action or collusive action that could not have harmed" them
Farmer v. Brennan
511 U.S. 825 (1994) Cited 55,751 times 18 Legal Analyses
Holding that the deliberate indifference standard utilized for a conditions of confinement claim "is inappropriate . . . when officials stand accused of using excessive physical force."
Neitzke v. Williams
490 U.S. 319 (1989) Cited 55,968 times
Holding that "an in forma pauperis pro se complaint may only be dismissed as frivolous ... when the petitioner cannot make any claim with a rational or arguable basis in law or in fact"
West v. Atkins
487 U.S. 42 (1988) Cited 34,581 times 1 Legal Analyses
Holding that a state's delegation of its duty to provide medical care to prisoners rendered a contract physician a state actor
Haines v. Kerner
404 U.S. 519 (1972) Cited 58,490 times
Holding pro se submissions "to less stringent standards than formal pleadings drafted by lawyers"
McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green
411 U.S. 792 (1973) Cited 52,282 times 95 Legal Analyses
Holding in employment discrimination case that statistical evidence of employer's general policy and practice may be relevant circumstantial evidence of discriminatory intent behind individual employment decision
Helling v. McKinney
509 U.S. 25 (1993) Cited 7,654 times 4 Legal Analyses
Holding that prospective harm, defined as that which is "sure or very likely to cause serious illness and needless suffering" to an inmate in the future, can be the basis for an Eighth Amendment claim even if the inmate has "no serious current symptoms"
Section 1983 - Civil action for deprivation of rights
42 U.S.C. § 1983 Cited 488,498 times 692 Legal Analyses
Holding liable any state actor who "subjects, or causes [a person] to be subjected" to a constitutional violation
Rule 56 - Summary Judgment
Fed. R. Civ. P. 56 Cited 329,337 times 158 Legal Analyses
Holding a party may move for summary judgment on any part of any claim or defense in the lawsuit
Section 1915A - Screening
28 U.S.C. § 1915A Cited 104,964 times 3 Legal Analyses
Requiring district courts to screen "before docketing, if feasible," prisoner civil complaints
Section 12112 - Discrimination
42 U.S.C. § 12112 Cited 13,544 times 159 Legal Analyses
Recognizing failure to accommodate as form of discrimination
Section 12102 - Definition of disability
42 U.S.C. § 12102 Cited 10,813 times 40 Legal Analyses
Recognizing ADA claim where plaintiff is "regarded as" disabled
Section 12117 - Enforcement
42 U.S.C. § 12117 Cited 3,409 times 10 Legal Analyses
Adopting exhaustion procedures set forth in Title VII for ADA claims
Section 2000e-8 - Investigations
42 U.S.C. § 2000e-8 Cited 391 times 26 Legal Analyses
Authorizing the EEOC to "enter into written agreements" with state and local agencies to promote "effective enforcement" of the Act
Section 1630.2 - Definitions
29 C.F.R. § 1630.2 Cited 8,341 times 141 Legal Analyses
Holding that major life activity is substantially limited if plaintiff is "significantly restricted in the ability to perform either a class of jobs or a broad range of jobs in various classes as compared to the average person having comparable training, skills and abilities"
Section 1602.14 - Preservation of records made or kept
29 C.F.R. § 1602.14 Cited 163 times 10 Legal Analyses
Exempting "seasonal" jobs from certain recordkeeping requirements

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. Sappyann, Inc.

90 Cited authorities

Holding that a complaint's allegations should "contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face' "

Holding that summary judgment is not appropriate if "the dispute about a material fact is ‘genuine,’ that is, if the evidence is such that a reasonable jury could return a verdict for the nonmoving party"

Holding that a movant's summary judgment motion should be granted "against a [nonmovant] who fails to make a showing sufficient to establish the existence of an element essential to that party's case, and on which that party will bear the burden of proof at trial"

Holding that, on summary judgment, antitrust plaintiffs "must show that the inference of conspiracy is reasonable in light of the competing inferences of independent action or collusive action that could not have harmed" them

Holding that the deliberate indifference standard utilized for a conditions of confinement claim "is inappropriate . . . when officials stand accused of using excessive physical force."

Holding that "an in forma pauperis pro se complaint may only be dismissed as frivolous ... when the petitioner cannot make any claim with a rational or arguable basis in law or in fact"

Holding that a state's delegation of its duty to provide medical care to prisoners rendered a contract physician a state actor

Holding pro se submissions "to less stringent standards than formal pleadings drafted by lawyers"

Holding in employment discrimination case that statistical evidence of employer's general policy and practice may be relevant circumstantial evidence of discriminatory intent behind individual employment decision

Holding that prospective harm, defined as that which is "sure or very likely to cause serious illness and needless suffering" to an inmate in the future, can be the basis for an Eighth Amendment claim even if the inmate has "no serious current symptoms"

Holding liable any state actor who "subjects, or causes [a person] to be subjected" to a constitutional violation

Holding a party may move for summary judgment on any part of any claim or defense in the lawsuit

Requiring district courts to screen "before docketing, if feasible," prisoner civil complaints

Recognizing failure to accommodate as form of discrimination

Recognizing ADA claim where plaintiff is "regarded as" disabled

Adopting exhaustion procedures set forth in Title VII for ADA claims

Authorizing the EEOC to "enter into written agreements" with state and local agencies to promote "effective enforcement" of the Act

Holding that major life activity is substantially limited if plaintiff is "significantly restricted in the ability to perform either a class of jobs or a broad range of jobs in various classes as compared to the average person having comparable training, skills and abilities"

Exempting "seasonal" jobs from certain recordkeeping requirements