37 Cited authorities

  1. Ashcroft v. Iqbal

    556 U.S. 662 (2009)   Cited 255,203 times   280 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a claim is plausible where a plaintiff's allegations enable the court to draw a "reasonable inference" the defendant is liable
  2. Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

    550 U.S. 544 (2007)   Cited 268,949 times   367 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a complaint's allegations should "contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face' "
  3. New Hampshire v. Maine

    532 U.S. 742 (2001)   Cited 4,559 times   17 Legal Analyses
    Holding that under the doctrine of judicial estoppel, “New Hampshire is equitably barred from asserting—contrary to its position in the 1970's litigation—that the inland Piscataqua River boundary runs along the Maine shore”
  4. Taylor v. Sturgell

    553 U.S. 880 (2008)   Cited 3,189 times   12 Legal Analyses
    Holding that adequate representation requires that "[t]he interests of the nonparty and her representative are aligned" and "the party understood herself to be acting in a representative capacity."
  5. Balistreri v. Pacifica Police Dept

    901 F.2d 696 (9th Cir. 1988)   Cited 16,090 times   5 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a cognizable gender discrimination claim could be brought by a female domestic violence victim where the victim alleged police denied protection and made misogynistic comments including that "he did not blame [the victim's] husband for hitting her, because of the way she was 'carrying on'"
  6. Vess v. Ciba-Geigy Corp. USA

    317 F.3d 1097 (9th Cir. 2003)   Cited 4,227 times   3 Legal Analyses
    Holding that the Rule 9(b) pleading standards apply to California CLRA, FAL, and UCL claims because, though fraud is not an essential element of those statutes, a plaintiff alleges a fraudulent course of conduct as the basis of those claims
  7. Hells Canyon Preservation Council v. United States Forest Service

    403 F.3d 683 (9th Cir. 2005)   Cited 2,250 times
    Holding that under some circumstances "courts may dismiss under Rule 41(b) sua sponte"
  8. Emrich v. Touche Ross Co.

    846 F.2d 1190 (9th Cir. 1988)   Cited 4,052 times
    Holding proceedings and determinations of the courts are a matter of public record suitable for judicial notice
  9. Leadsinger, Inc. v. BMG Music Publishing

    512 F.3d 522 (9th Cir. 2008)   Cited 1,386 times   1 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a court may deny leave to amend where amendment would be futile
  10. Lazy Y Ranch Ltd. v. Behrens

    546 F.3d 580 (9th Cir. 2008)   Cited 1,333 times   3 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a class-based equal protection claim arises when the "law is applied in a discriminatory manner or imposes different burdens on different classes of people"
  11. Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

    Fed. R. Civ. P. 12   Cited 348,503 times   930 Legal Analyses
    Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss
  12. Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading

    Fed. R. Civ. P. 8   Cited 157,606 times   196 Legal Analyses
    Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."
  13. Rule 9 - Pleading Special Matters

    Fed. R. Civ. P. 9   Cited 39,110 times   320 Legal Analyses
    Requiring that fraud be pleaded with particularity
  14. Section 1692 - Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

    15 U.S.C. § 1692   Cited 15,046 times   139 Legal Analyses
    Finding that abusive debt-collection practices lead to "personal bankruptcies," "marital instability," "loss of jobs," and "invasions of individual privacy"
  15. Section 1692e - False or misleading representations

    15 U.S.C. § 1692e   Cited 6,946 times   109 Legal Analyses
    Prohibiting false representation of the "character, amount, or legal status of a debt"
  16. Section 1692k - Civil liability

    15 U.S.C. § 1692k   Cited 6,133 times   65 Legal Analyses
    Holding debt collectors civilly liable for illicit debt collection practices
  17. Section 1692f - Unfair practices

    15 U.S.C. § 1692f   Cited 3,411 times   35 Legal Analyses
    Providing a non-exhaustive list of conduct that is unfair or unconscionable
  18. Section 1692d - Harassment or abuse

    15 U.S.C. § 1692d   Cited 1,908 times   22 Legal Analyses
    Limiting debt collectors’ ability to use threats of violence, publicize lists of consumers allegedly refusing to pay debts, cause a telephone to ring repeatedly or continuously, or engage someone in telephone conversation repeatedly or continuously
  19. Section 470 - Forgery

    Cal. Pen. Code § 470   Cited 1,365 times
    Defining the crime of forgery