Ashcroft v. Iqbal

Holding court need not credit "mere conclusory statements" in complaint

Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

Holding that allegations of conduct that are merely consistent with wrongdoing do not state a claim unless "placed in a context that raises a suggestion of" such wrongdoing

Papasan v. Allain

Holding that Ex parte Young would not support a suit against a state for ongoing liability for an alleged past breach of trust, since "continuing payment of the income from the lost corpus is essentially equivalent in economic terms to a one-time restoration of the lost corpus itself"

Lewis v. ACB Business Services, Inc.

Holding that a company whose principal purpose is to extend credit rather than collect debts is not a debt collector under the Fair Debt Collections Practices Act

Thurman v. Pfizer, Inc.

Holding that ERISA preempts claim that employer's misrepresentations about benefits induced plaintiff to join company to the extent that plaintiff sought expectation damages, but not to the extent he sought reliance damages

American Express Co. v. Koerner

Holding that TILA does not apply where "[t]he undisputed facts of this case reveal that the [cardholder] obtained the right 'to incur debt and defer its payment' from American Express primarily for business, not consumer, purposes"

Neff v. Capital Acquisitions & Management Co.

Holding that credit card debt assignees have no obligation to send periodic statements

Langenfeld v. Chase Bank USA, N.A.

Holding that law firm was not "creditor" under TILA, nor was it agent of creditor

Neff v. Capital Acquisitions & Management Co.

Marcotte v. General Electric Capital Services, Inc.

Noting the TILA requires credit card companies to send monthly statements, but the FDCPA prohibits debt collectors from sending billing statements to represented debtors.

Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading

Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."

Section 1692 - Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

Finding that abusive debt-collection practices lead to "personal bankruptcies," "marital instability," "loss of jobs," and "invasions of individual privacy"

Section 1601 - Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

Explaining that TILA's disclosure requirements exist “so that the consumer will be able to compare more readily the various credit terms available to him and avoid the uninformed use of credit”

Section 1692e - False or misleading representations

Banning "[t]he threat to take any action that cannot legally be taken or that is not intended to be taken"

Section 1692a - Definitions

Defining debt collector

Section 1692f - Unfair practices

Prohibiting a debt collector from "collecti[ng] . . . any amount" not "expressly authorized by . . . agreement . . . or permitted by law"

Section 1602 - Definitions and rules of construction

Granting Federal Reserve authority to issue rules to carry out the CARD Act

Section 1637 - Open end consumer credit plans

Enumerating “[r]equired disclosures” to be made by a creditor to a consumer before an open end consumer credit account can be opened, including disclosures related to billing disputes