Naacp v. New York

Holding that intervenor was constructively notified of a lawsuit because of newspaper articles about the case and the intervenor's interest in related issues

Southwest Ctr. for Biological Diversity v. Berg

Holding that the court is to take facts alleged in the pleadings, motion, and supporting declarations as true for purposes of the motion to intervene

Northwest Forest Resource v. Glickman

Holding that “the doctrine of last antecedent ... must yield to the most logical meaning of a statute that emerges from its plain language and legislative history”

Citizens for Balanced Use v. Montana Wilderness

Holding that interest in conserving the wilderness character of an area protected by federal law was a significant protectable interest for the purposes of intervention

San Juan County v. U.S.

Holding "that parties seeking to intervene under Rule 24 or (b) need not establish Article III standing ‘so long as another party with constitutional standing on the same side as the intervenor remains in the case’ "

United States v. City of Los Angeles

Holding that "mere[] differences in [litigation] strategy" are insufficient grounds to "justify intervention as a matter of right"

Prete v. Bradbury

Holding harmless erroneous grant of intervention

U.S. v. State of or

Holding that the district court did not abuse its discretion by finding prejudice when intervention was sought after settlement involving a delicate compromise following four years of negotiation, with certain points still disputed

Greene v. U.S.

Holding that an applicant lacked a "significant protectable interest" in an action when the resolution of the plaintiff's claims would not affect the applicant directly

Nuesse v. Camp

Holding that Rule 24 was tailored for ordinary civil litigation, and that in atypical cases, intervention requires special consideration

Section 1441 - Removal of civil actions

Holding that “[a]ny civil action of which the district courts have original jurisdiction founded on a claim or right arising under the ... laws of the United States shall be removable without regard to the citizenship or residence of the parties.”

Section 12101 - Findings and purpose

Finding a pattern of " unnecessary discrimination and prejudice" that "costs the United States billions of dollars in unnecessary expenses resulting from dependency and nonproductivity"

Section 794 - Nondiscrimination under Federal grants and programs

Adopting ADA standards for Rehabilitation Act claims

Rule 24 - Intervention

Granting the right of intervention to qualifying persons "unless existing parties adequately represent" them

Section 1400 - Short title; findings; purposes

Finding of Congress that "the education of children with disabilities can be made more effective by ... ensuring that families ... have meaningful opportunities to participate"

Section 51 - Unruh Civil Rights Act

Incorporating ADA violations

Section 12182 - Prohibition of discrimination by public accommodations

Explaining that public accommodations cannot "directly or through contractual or other arrangements, utilize standards or criteria or methods of administration" that have the effect of discriminating on the basis of disability."

Section 12181 - Definitions

Including "grocery store" and "pharmac[ies]" whose operations "affect commerce" within the definition of "public accommodation"

Section 12203 - Prohibition against retaliation and coercion

Prohibiting discrimination "against any individual because such individual has opposed any act or practice made unlawful by [the ADA] or because such individual made a charge, testified, assisted, or participated in any manner in an investigation, proceeding, or hearing under [the ADA]"

Section 12188 - Enforcement

Providing that the remedies available to individuals are set forth in 42 U.S.C. § 2000a-3, which allows a private right of action only for injunctive relief for violations of Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

Section 36.104 - Definitions

Enumerating factors to consider in the undue burden analysis

Section 36.302 - Modifications in policies, practices, or procedures

Describing duty of places of public accommodation to "[i]dentify and describe accessible features in the hotels and guest rooms offered through its reservations service in enough detail to reasonably permit individuals with disabilities to assess independently whether a given hotel or guest room meets his or her accessibility needs"

Section 36.201 - General

Providing that "[b]oth the landlord who owns the building that houses a place of public accommodation and the tenant who owns or operates the place of public accommodation are" [subject to the ADA]

Section 36.202 - Activities

Requiring public accommodations to provide an "equal" opportunity for the hearing impaired to participate in and benefit from services

Section 36.309 - Examinations and courses

Including “taped examinations” and “Brailled or large print examinations and answer sheets or qualified readers for individuals with visual impairments” as auxiliary aids and services that may be required

Section 36.206 - Retaliation or coercion