Ashcroft v. Iqbal

Holding court need not credit "mere conclusory statements" in complaint

Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

Holding that allegations of conduct that are merely consistent with wrongdoing do not state a claim unless "placed in a context that raises a suggestion of" such wrongdoing

Univ. of Tex. Sw. Med. Ctr. v. Nassar

Holding that application of the " ‘because’ of" requirement of Title VII's antiretaliation provision requires proof of "but-for" causation

Clark Cty. Sch. Dist. v. Breeden

Holding that the temporal proximity requirement to establish a prima facie case "between an employer's knowledge of protected activity and an adverse employment action as sufficient evidence" must be "very close"

Coleman v. Md. Court of Appeals

Holding that an African-American plaintiff's statement that he "was treated differently as a result of his race than whites" was too conclusory to state a claim of discrimination in the employment context

Bass v. E.I. Dupont de Nemours & Co.

Holding that conclusory allegations that the employer discriminated against the plaintiff "because of her race and sex" were not sufficient to allege a claim when the facts of the complaint did not support the conclusory allegation

Holland v. Washington

Holding that employer's report to state employment agency providing a reason for termination that was different than employer's proffered reason did not create a genuine and material issue of fact as to pretext, particularly when evidence showed the inaccurate reporting benefitted employee

Chacko v. Patuxent Institution

Holding that the plaintiff had failed to exhaust his administrative remedies where his EEOC charge alleged three specific instances of harassment by a supervisor and his federal complaint alleged long-term harassment by colleagues

Equal Emp. v. Sunbelt

Holding that "complaints premised on nothing more than 'rude treatment by [coworkers],' 'callous behavior by [one's] supervisors,' or 'a routine difference of opinion and personality conflict with [one's] supervisor' are not actionable under Title VII"

Lovern v. Edwards

Holding that there was no federal jurisdiction over a claim predicated on the exclusion of a parent from school premises because the claim was "plainly insubstantial and entirely frivolous" and "a monument to what ought not to be in a federal court"

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Section 2000e-2 - Unlawful employment practices

Adopting case law prior to June 4, 1989, “with respect to the concept of ‘alternative employment practice’ ”

Rule 10 - Form of Pleadings

Holding exhibits attached to complaint may be treated as part of complaint for purposes of ruling on 12(b) motion

Section 2000e-16 - Employment by Federal Government

Adopting provisions of § 2000e-5(f)-(k), including that "[e]ach United States district court . . . shall have jurisdiction of actions brought under this subchapter"

Section 2302 - Prohibited personnel practices

Protecting the disclosure of "any violation of any law, rule, or regulation ... if such disclosure is not specifically prohibited by law"

Section 2105 - Employee

Providing that the term "'employee,'" for purposes of Title 5, ordinarily includes "an individual ... appointed in the [federal] civil service by ... an adjutant general designated by the Secretary [of the Army or of the Air Force] under section 709[(d)] of title 32"

Section 648 - Small business development center program authorization

Section 13-104 - Small Business Development Center Network Fund