34 Cited authorities

  1. Smith v. Wade

    461 U.S. 30 (1983)   Cited 3,147 times   1 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a showing of maliciousness is not required for "recovery of punitive damages"
  2. Kolstad v. Am. Dental Assn

    527 U.S. 526 (1999)   Cited 1,458 times   11 Legal Analyses
    Holding that an employer may avoid punitive damages under § 1981a if it has made good-faith efforts to prevent discrimination in the workplace
  3. Forrest v. Jewish Guild

    3 N.Y.3d 295 (N.Y. 2004)   Cited 1,324 times   1 Legal Analyses
    Holding that the McDonnell Douglas framework applies to discriminatory discharge claims brought pursuant to the NYSHRL
  4. Morissette v. United States

    342 U.S. 246 (1952)   Cited 2,272 times   15 Legal Analyses
    Holding that it is a defense to a charge of "knowingly converting" federal property that one did not know that what one was doing was a conversion
  5. Williams v. N.Y. City Hous. Auth

    61 A.D.3d 62 (N.Y. App. Div. 2009)   Cited 1,023 times   17 Legal Analyses
    Holding that the continuing violation doctrine did not apply to plaintiff's NYCHRL claim because plaintiff failed to allege any "actionable conduct during the limitations period"
  6. Sommer v. Federal Signal Corp.

    79 N.Y.2d 540 (N.Y. 1992)   Cited 926 times   2 Legal Analyses
    Holding that, in New York, "a party may not insulate itself from damages caused by grossly negligent conduct" through an exculpatory clause
  7. Biondi v. Beekman Hill House Apartment Corp.

    257 A.D.2d 76 (N.Y. App. Div. 1999)   Cited 565 times
    Holding that although a summary judgment motion presumes the facts to be true and accorded every favorable inference, allegations consisting of bare legal conclusions, as well as factual claims either inherently incredible or flatly contradicted by documentary evidence, are not entitled to such consideration
  8. Bennett v. Health Mgmt. Sys., Inc.

    92 A.D.3d 29 (N.Y. App. Div. 2011)   Cited 358 times   8 Legal Analyses
    Holding that under NYCHRL summary judgment is inappropriate "once there is some evidence that at least one of the reasons proffered by defendant is false"
  9. Albunio v. City of New York

    2011 N.Y. Slip Op. 2480 (N.Y. 2011)   Cited 353 times   4 Legal Analyses
    Holding that courts must construe provisions of the NYCHRL "broadly in favor of discrimination plaintiffs, to the extent that such a construction is reasonably possible"
  10. Biondi v. Beekman Hill House Apartment

    94 N.Y.2d 659 (N.Y. 2000)   Cited 460 times
    Holding that nothing in the plaintiff's conduct could be construed as “being undertaken in good faith, for a purpose ‘reasonably believed’ to be in the best interests of [the defendant]” where the plaintiff intentionally denied a sublease application on the basis of race and “knowingly exposed” the defendant to liability under the civil rights laws
  11. Section 1981a - Damages in cases of intentional discrimination in employment

    42 U.S.C. § 1981a   Cited 4,159 times   55 Legal Analyses
    Finding that "additional remedies under Federal law are needed to deter unlawful harassment and intentional discrimination in the workplace"