Broam v. Bogan

Holding "a court may not look beyond the complaint to a plaintiff's moving papers, such as a memorandum in opposition to a defendant's motion to dismiss," but noting such allegations may be considered to determine whether granting leave to amend is appropriate

International Audiotext Network, Inc. v. AT&T

Holding that if a complaint "relies heavily upon [a contract's] terms and effect" the contract may be considered at the 12(b) stage even if the contract is not incorporated in or attached to the complaint

Syntek Semiconductor Co. v. Microchip Tech., Inc.

Holding that cancellation of a copyright registration is an administrative remedy that must be sought from the Copyright Office

Federal Power Commission v. Louisiana Power & Light Co.

Holding that federal commission had power to issue curtailment regulation that would affect pipeline owner's direct sales contracts with industrial customers based on interstate "transportation" jurisdiction, especially to protect interests of ultimate consumers

In re Sony Gaming Networks & Customer Data Sec. Breach Litig.

Holding that the computer network system used to provide PlayStation Network services, which permitted access to various third party services, did not constitute a "service" under the CLRA

In re Google, Inc. Privacy Policy Litigation

Dismissing plaintiffs' claims based on Google's policy of retaining personal information for lack of Article III standing because there were no allegations plaintiffs' personal information had been disseminated

Petrovic v. Princess Cruise Lines, Ltd.

Stating that "a complaint that lumps all the defendants together in each claim and provides no factual basis to distinguish their conduct fails to satisfy Rule 8" (alterations and internal quotation marks omitted)

Sancom, Inc. v. AT&T Corp.

Discussing the Farmers line of cases in detail

Glauser v. Twilio, Inc.

Riehle v. Bank of Am., N.A.

Noting that "no private cause of action exists against a lender for failing to modify a loan"

Section 1983 - Civil action for deprivation of rights

Holding liable any state actor who "subjects, or causes [a person] to be subjected" to a constitutional violation

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading

Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."

Section 1981 - Equal rights under the law

Granting equal rights to "make and enforce contracts" without regard to race

Section 227 - Restrictions on use of telephone equipment

Granting exclusive jurisdiction to federal courts over actions brought by state attorney generals

Rule 7.1 - Disclosure Statement

Governing corporate disclosure statements

Rule 2 - One Form of Action

Providing for "one form of action to be known as 'civil action,'" in lieu of discretely labeled actions at law and suits in equity

Section 1.2 - Declaratory rulings

Incorporating declaratory ruling provision of the Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. § 554(e)