Ashcroft v. Iqbal

Holding court need not credit "mere conclusory statements" in complaint

Daimler AG v. Bauman

Holding that foreign corporations may not be subject to general jurisdiction "whenever they have an in-state subsidiary or affiliate"

Int'l Shoe Co. v. Washington

Holding that states may exercise personal jurisdiction over out-of-state defendants with "certain minimum contacts with [the forum] such that the maintenance of the suit does not offend ‘traditional notions of fair play and substantial justice’ " (quoting Milliken v. Meyer , 311 U.S. 457, 463, 61 S.Ct. 339, 85 L.Ed. 278 (1940) )

United States v. Bestfoods

Holding that ownership and control is insufficient to demonstrate an alter-ego relationship

Schwarzenegger v. Fred Martin Motor Co.

Holding that, in the tort context, "[t]he `express aiming' analysis depends, to a significant degree, on the specific type of tort or other wrongful conduct at issue"

Ranza v. Nike, Inc.

Holding that employer was not an alter ego of its parent corporation, but that if it had been, the parent corporation's contacts could be attributed to the employer to establish personal jurisdiction over the employer

Picot v. Weston

Holding that the defendant's two trips to California did not create sufficient minimum contacts to subject him to personal jurisdiction

Sams v. Yahoo! Inc.

Holding that, when considering a motion to dismiss under Rule 12(b), courts "are permitted to consider documents that were not physically attached to the complaint where the documents' authenticity is not contested, and the plaintiff's complaint necessarily relies on them"

In re Yahoo Mail Litig.

Holding that the plaintiff's claim for invasion of privacy fails as a matter of law and that plaintiff must allege which specific content in the emails she has protectable privacy interest

Stewart v. Screen Gems-Emi Music, Inc.

Finding three factors—equitable ownership, use of same offices and identical officers and directors—weighed in favor of finding unity of interest but concluding these factors "even when considered together, are not sufficient to support a finding of unity of interest"

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading

Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."

Rule 9 - Pleading Special Matters

Requiring that fraud be pleaded with particularity

Rule 201 - Judicial Notice of Adjudicative Facts

Holding "[n]ormally, in deciding a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim, courts must limit their inquiry to the facts stated in the complaint and the documents either attached to or incorporated in the complaint. However, courts may also consider matters of which they may take judicial notice."

Section 17200 - Unfair competition defined

Prohibiting unlawful business practices

Section 349 - Deceptive acts and practices unlawful

Granting "any person who has been injured by reason of any violation of this section" the right to "bring an action in his own name"

Section 1750 - Title of act

Section 410.10 - Generally

Allowing for jurisdiction over non-residents coextensive with due process requirements

Section 501.201 - Short title

Section 17.46 - Deceptive Trade Practices Unlawful

Providing that a violation occurs based on “ filing suit founded upon ... extensions of credit ... in any county other than in the county in which the defendant resides at the time of the commencement of the action or in the county in which the defendant in fact signed the contract”