Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

Holding that a complaint's allegations should "contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face' "

Lujan v. Defs. of Wildlife

Holding that the elements of standing "must be supported in the same way as any other matter on which the plaintiff bears the burden of proof"

Kokkonen v. Guardian Life Ins. Co. of America

Holding that absent a reservation of jurisdiction in the stipulated dismissal order, federal courts lack jurisdiction to consider enforcement of a settlement agreement

Friends of the Earth, Inc. v. Laidlaw Envtl. Servs. (TOC), Inc.

Holding that plaintiffs who curtailed their recreational activities on a river due to reasonable concerns about the effect of pollutant discharges into that river had standing

Conley v. Gibson

Holding that "a complaint should not be dismissed for failure to state a claim unless it appears beyond doubt that the plaintiff can prove no set of facts in support of his claim which would entitle him to relief"

Leatherman v. Tarrant County Narcotics Intelligence & Coordination Unit

Holding that there is no heightened pleading requirement in § 1983 suits against municipalities

Warth v. Seldin

Holding that Article III requires plaintiffs "to establish that, in fact, the asserted injury was the consequence of the defendants' actions"

Los Angeles v. Lyons

Holding there is no justiciable controversy where plaintiff had once been subjected to a chokehold

Hunt v. Washington Apple Advertising Comm'n

Holding that North Carolina's statute banning state grading of apples was discriminatory even though six other states also had no state grading

Balistreri v. Pacifica Police Dept

Holding that a cognizable gender discrimination claim could be brought by a female domestic violence victim where the victim alleged police denied protection and made misogynistic comments including that "he did not blame [the victim's] husband for hitting her, because of the way she was 'carrying on'"

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Section 1226 - Apprehension and detention of aliens

Ruling that no court may set aside an immigration judge's "discretionary judgment any action or decision . . . regarding the detention or release of any alien or the grant, revocation, or denial of bond or parole"

Section 52.1 - Interference by threat, intimidation or coercion with exercise or enjoyment of individual rights

Stating a person whose state or constitutional rights "ha[ve] been interfered with, or attempted to be interfered with," can bring an action against the alleged perpetrator

Section 911.2 - Time for presenting claims; date claim presented

Requiring that state-law claims be presented to the relevant agency "not later than six months after the accrual of the cause of action"

Section 945.4 - Action prohibited until claim presented and acted upon or rejected by board

Precluding suit only if the plaintiff presented a written claim that the public entity affirmatively rejected

Section 815 - Immunity, defenses available

Conferring immunity upon public entities

Section 910 - Contents of claim presented

Specifying information that must be included in a notice of claim

Section 1103 - Powers and duties of the Secretary, the Under Secretary, and the Attorney General

Granting the Attorney General power to "establish such regulations" and "review . . . administrative determinations in immigration proceedings"

Section 1357 - Powers of immigration officers and employees

Granting immigration enforcement authority to state or local government officials in a formal agreement with a state or local government.

Section 11135 - Prohibited; protections and prohibitions of Americans with Disabilities Act

Barring disability discrimination in state-funded programs

Section 287.7 - Detainer provisions under section 287(d)(3) of the Act

Stating that detainers serve "the purpose of arresting and removing the alien"

Section 2.1 - Authority of the Secretary of Homeland Security

Delegating the regulation-making authority of the Attorney General to the Commissioner of the INS

Section 287.8 - Standards for enforcement activities

Limiting use of deadly force

Section 103.1 - Reserved

Defining immigration officer to include Border Patrol agents

Section 0.105 - General functions

Describing the INS's function as administrator and enforcer of U.S. immigration laws

Section 100.6 - Reserved