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Cintron-Valenzuela et al v. Commonwealth of Puerto Rico et al

MOTION to Dismiss for Failure to State a Claim and Want of Subject-Matter Jurisdiction

56 Cited authorities

  1. Ashcroft v. Iqbal

    556 U.S. 662 (2009)   Cited 253,227 times   279 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a claim is plausible where a plaintiff's allegations enable the court to draw a "reasonable inference" the defendant is liable

  2. Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

    550 U.S. 544 (2007)   Cited 267,097 times   365 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a complaint's allegations should "contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face' "

  3. Pennhurst State School Hosp. v. Halderman

    465 U.S. 89 (1984)   Cited 13,468 times   8 Legal Analyses
    Holding that sovereign immunity prohibits federal courts from "instruct[ing] state officials on how to conform their conduct to state law"

  4. Mine Workers v. Gibbs

    383 U.S. 715 (1966)   Cited 17,805 times   2 Legal Analyses
    Holding that supplemental jurisdiction is a "doctrine of discretion"

  5. United States v. Georgia

    546 U.S. 151 (2006)   Cited 1,453 times   1 Legal Analyses
    Holding that Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act validly abrogated state sovereign immunity "insofar as [it] create[d] a private cause of action for damages against the States for conduct that actually violates the Fourteenth Amendment"

  6. Idaho v. Coeur D'Alene Tribe of Idaho

    521 U.S. 261 (1997)   Cited 1,653 times   1 Legal Analyses
    Holding that, because "navigable waters uniquely implicate sovereign interests," there exists a "strong presumption of state ownership" of these waters

  7. Raygor v. Regents of University of Minnesota

    534 U.S. 533 (2002)   Cited 393 times   1 Legal Analyses
    Holding the Eleventh Amendment bars actions in federal court even where 28 U.S.C. § 1367, in general, authorizes supplemental jurisdiction

  8. Blanciak v. Allegheny Ludlum Corp.

    77 F.3d 690 (3d Cir. 1996)   Cited 1,139 times
    Finding a claim for declaratory and injunctive relief moot where there was "no hint in the record of any present or imminent future harm from the [defendant's] alleged conduct"

  9. Vinson v. Thomas

    288 F.3d 1145 (9th Cir. 2002)   Cited 783 times
    Holding that "a plaintiff cannot bring an action under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 against a State official in her individual capacity to vindicate rights created by Title II of the ADA or section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act"

  10. Valentin v. Hospital Bella Vista

    254 F.3d 358 (1st Cir. 2001)   Cited 700 times
    Holding that an appeal of a Rule 12(b) ruling that resolves a factual challenge must be reviewed with a deferential "clearly-erroneous" standard

  11. Section 1983 - Civil action for deprivation of rights

    42 U.S.C. § 1983   Cited 487,542 times   692 Legal Analyses
    Holding liable any state actor who "subjects, or causes [a person] to be subjected" to a constitutional violation

  12. Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

    Fed. R. Civ. P. 12   Cited 346,412 times   923 Legal Analyses
    Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

  13. Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading

    Fed. R. Civ. P. 8   Cited 156,480 times   194 Legal Analyses
    Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."

  14. Section 1367 - Supplemental jurisdiction

    28 U.S.C. § 1367   Cited 61,875 times   78 Legal Analyses
    Holding that in civil actions proceeding in federal court based solely on diversity jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1332, the district court "shall not have supplemental jurisdiction" over "claims by plaintiffs against persons made parties under Rule . . . 24" or "over claims by persons . . seeking to intervene as plaintiffs under Rule 24," if "exercising supplemental jurisdiction over such claims would be inconsistent with the jurisdictional requirements of section 1332"

  15. Section 2000e - Definitions

    42 U.S.C. § 2000e   Cited 51,533 times   129 Legal Analyses
    Granting EEOC authority to issue procedural regulations to carry out Title VII provisions

  16. Section 12112 - Discrimination

    42 U.S.C. § 12112   Cited 13,523 times   159 Legal Analyses
    Recognizing failure to accommodate as form of discrimination

  17. Section 794 - Nondiscrimination under Federal grants and programs

    29 U.S.C. § 794   Cited 12,331 times   29 Legal Analyses
    Adopting ADA standards for Rehabilitation Act claims

  18. Section 623 - Prohibition of age discrimination

    29 U.S.C. § 623   Cited 10,086 times   51 Legal Analyses
    Holding that under the ADEA, it is unlawful to discriminate against individuals who are at least forty years of age

  19. Section 12111 - Definitions

    42 U.S.C. § 12111   Cited 8,032 times   60 Legal Analyses
    Adopting the definition of "person" in 42 U.S.C. § 2000e for purposes of Title I of the ADA

  20. Section 12131 - Definitions

    42 U.S.C. § 12131   Cited 5,121 times   1 Legal Analyses
    Defining discrimination to include the failure to provide "reasonable accommodations"