16 Cited authorities

Ashcroft v. Iqbal
556 U.S. 662 (2009) Cited 267,813 times 281 Legal Analyses
Holding court need not credit "mere conclusory statements" in complaint
Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly
550 U.S. 544 (2007) Cited 280,791 times 369 Legal Analyses
Holding that allegations of conduct that are merely consistent with wrongdoing do not state a claim unless "placed in a context that raises a suggestion of" such wrongdoing
McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green
411 U.S. 792 (1973) Cited 53,418 times 97 Legal Analyses
Holding in employment discrimination case that statistical evidence of employer's general policy and practice may be relevant circumstantial evidence of discriminatory intent behind individual employment decision
Papasan v. Allain
478 U.S. 265 (1986) Cited 17,495 times 6 Legal Analyses
Holding that Ex parte Young would not support a suit against a state for ongoing liability for an alleged past breach of trust, since "continuing payment of the income from the lost corpus is essentially equivalent in economic terms to a one-time restoration of the lost corpus itself"
Ricci v. DeStefano
557 U.S. 557 (2009) Cited 3,177 times 30 Legal Analyses
Holding that a city's making promotion decisions based on race would violate Title VII without a "valid defense"
Hazen Paper Co. v. Biggins
507 U.S. 604 (1993) Cited 1,944 times 14 Legal Analyses
Holding that age and years of service, pension status, or seniority are "analytically distinct" and an employer may rely on one while ignoring the other
Holifield v. Reno
115 F.3d 1555 (11th Cir. 1997) Cited 1,983 times
Holding that in order to make a valid comparison as part of her prima facie case, the plaintiff must show that she and the comparator are "similarly situated in all relevant respects"
Davis v. Coca-Cola Bottling
516 F.3d 955 (11th Cir. 2008) Cited 974 times 2 Legal Analyses
Holding that hiring decisions were "discrete acts of discrimination" that could not go forward under the continuing-violation doctrine
Standard v. A.B.E.L. Services, Inc.
161 F.3d 1318 (11th Cir. 1998) Cited 1,248 times
Holding that a manager's comment that "older people have more go wrong" did not show age based discriminatory intent against the employee because the comment was too vague and the manager was not involved in the termination decision
MacPherson v. Univ. of Montevallo
922 F.2d 766 (11th Cir. 1991) Cited 118 times
Upholding district court's decision to order a new trial on various grounds, including likely juror confusion at first trial
Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing
Fed. R. Civ. P. 12 Cited 362,607 times 962 Legal Analyses
Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss
Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading
Fed. R. Civ. P. 8 Cited 164,455 times 197 Legal Analyses
Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."

Caldwell v. Cellco Partnership

16 Cited authorities

Holding court need not credit "mere conclusory statements" in complaint

Holding that allegations of conduct that are merely consistent with wrongdoing do not state a claim unless "placed in a context that raises a suggestion of" such wrongdoing

Holding in employment discrimination case that statistical evidence of employer's general policy and practice may be relevant circumstantial evidence of discriminatory intent behind individual employment decision

Holding that Ex parte Young would not support a suit against a state for ongoing liability for an alleged past breach of trust, since "continuing payment of the income from the lost corpus is essentially equivalent in economic terms to a one-time restoration of the lost corpus itself"

Holding that a city's making promotion decisions based on race would violate Title VII without a "valid defense"

Holding that age and years of service, pension status, or seniority are "analytically distinct" and an employer may rely on one while ignoring the other

Holding that in order to make a valid comparison as part of her prima facie case, the plaintiff must show that she and the comparator are "similarly situated in all relevant respects"

Holding that hiring decisions were "discrete acts of discrimination" that could not go forward under the continuing-violation doctrine

Holding that a manager's comment that "older people have more go wrong" did not show age based discriminatory intent against the employee because the comment was too vague and the manager was not involved in the termination decision

Upholding district court's decision to order a new trial on various grounds, including likely juror confusion at first trial

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."