Lujan v. Defs. of Wildlife

Holding that the elements of standing "must be supported in the same way as any other matter on which the plaintiff bears the burden of proof"

Lewis v. Casey

Holding that a prisoner must show an actual injury to state a claim for denial of access to courts

Spencer v. Kemna

Holding that habeas petition had become moot after petitioner was released from second stint of incarceration following parole revocation because he had failed to show that "time between parole revocation and expiration of sentence is always so short as to evade review" and that he again likely would face parole revocation

Warth v. Seldin

Holding that Article III requires plaintiffs "to establish that, in fact, the asserted injury was the consequence of the defendants' actions"

Raines v. Byrd

Holding specifically and only that "individual members of Congress [lack] Article III standing"

O'Shea v. Littleton

Holding that "[p]ast exposure to illegal conduct does not in itself show a present case or controversy regarding injunctive relief ... if unaccompanied by any continuing, present adverse effects"

Simon v. E. Ky. Welfare Rights Org.

Holding plaintiffs who sued IRS lacked standing where they hoped reversal of IRS rule would " ‘discourage’ hospitals from denying their services to" plaintiffs, but whether hospitals had denied services based on the existing rule remained unclear and, even if the rule were reversed, hospitals would remain free to not provide services to plaintiffs

Goshen v. Mut. Life Ins. Co. of New York

Holding that disclaimers "do not establish a defense as a matter of law"

Winer Family Trust v. Queen

Holding that the group pleading doctrine is not applicable to those that are not officers or directors of the at-issue company

Harris v. Provident Life and Acc. Ins. Co.

Holding that a genuine issue of fact as to whether plaintiff was disabled and unable to work as a result of her disability and thus, entitled to benefits under an insurance policy with defendant precluded summary judgment on plaintiff's breach of contract claim

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Rule 6 - Computing and Extending Time; Time for Motion Papers

Holding that "if the last day [of a period] is a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday, the period continues to run until the end of the next day that is not a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday."

Section 349 - Deceptive acts and practices unlawful

Granting "any person who has been injured by reason of any violation of this section" the right to "bring an action in his own name"

Section 1750 - Title of act

Section 1782 - Notice and demand to correct, repair, replace or rectify goods or services

Providing that no action for damages on behalf of a class of consumers may be maintained if a person alleged to have violated section 1770 shows that he or she has identified and notified the members of the class that he or she will remedy the violations upon request and he or she has ceased or will cease to engage in the violations