20 Cited authorities

Amchem Prods., Inc. v. Windsor
521 U.S. 591 (1997) Cited 6,946 times 69 Legal Analyses
Holding that courts are "bound to enforce" Rule 23's certification requirements, even where it means decertifying a class after they had reached a settlement agreement and submitted it to the court for approval
Gen. Tel. Co. of Sw. v. Falcon
457 U.S. 147 (1982) Cited 5,667 times 33 Legal Analyses
Holding that named plaintiff must prove “much more than the validity of his own claim”; the individual plaintiff must show that “the individual's claim and the class claims will share common questions of law or fact and that the individual's claim will be typical of the class claims,” explicitly referencing the “commonality” and “typicality” requirements of Rule 23
Christiansburg Garment Co. v. Equal Emp't Opportunity Comm'n
434 U.S. 412 (1978) Cited 3,642 times 33 Legal Analyses
Holding that for a defendant to recoup attorneys fees under § 706(k) of Title VII, a court must find that the plaintiff litigated his or her claim beyond the point where it became “frivolous, unreasonable, or groundless” or where plaintiff acted in bad faith
Eisen v. Carlisle Jacquelin
417 U.S. 156 (1974) Cited 3,760 times 22 Legal Analyses
Holding that individual notice to class members identifiable through reasonable efforts is mandatory in (b) actions
Delaware State College v. Ricks
449 U.S. 250 (1980) Cited 2,341 times 6 Legal Analyses
Holding a claim began to accrue when a board made the final decision to deny tenure, not after the subsequent grievance procedure to the same board
Dothard v. Rawlinson
433 U.S. 321 (1977) Cited 790 times
Holding impermissible minimum statutory height and weight requirements for correctional counselors
Chardon v. Fernandez
454 U.S. 6 (1981) Cited 673 times
Holding that claims of administrators of the Puerto Rican Department of Education were untimely because their claims accrued when they received notice that they would be fired and not on the effective date of their terminations
Williams v. Ford Motor Co.
187 F.3d 533 (6th Cir. 1999) Cited 354 times
Holding that the report and affidavits submitted by plaintiffs' expert were wholly insufficient to establish a genuine issue of material fact where the expert's opinions were entirely conclusory, were not supported by any specific data, and were premised on an unsupported factual assertion
Bacon v. Honda of Am. Mfg., Inc.
370 F.3d 565 (6th Cir. 2004) Cited 292 times 4 Legal Analyses
Holding that the pattern-or-practice method is not available to individual plaintiffs, but noting that pattern-or-practice evidence may nevertheless be relevant to proving an otherwise-viable individual claim under the McDonnell Douglas framework
Weathers v. Peters Realty Corporation
499 F.2d 1197 (6th Cir. 1974) Cited 209 times
Holding that "ordinarily the [class certification] determination should be predicated on more information than the pleadings will provide."
Rule 23 - Class Actions
Fed. R. Civ. P. 23 Cited 34,889 times 1234 Legal Analyses
Holding that, to certify a class, the court must find that "questions of law or fact common to class members predominate over any questions affecting only individual members"

Bert, et al v. AK Steel Corporation

20 Cited authorities

Holding that courts are "bound to enforce" Rule 23's certification requirements, even where it means decertifying a class after they had reached a settlement agreement and submitted it to the court for approval

Holding that for a defendant to recoup attorneys fees under § 706(k) of Title VII, a court must find that the plaintiff litigated his or her claim beyond the point where it became “frivolous, unreasonable, or groundless” or where plaintiff acted in bad faith

Holding that individual notice to class members identifiable through reasonable efforts is mandatory in (b) actions

Holding a claim began to accrue when a board made the final decision to deny tenure, not after the subsequent grievance procedure to the same board

Holding impermissible minimum statutory height and weight requirements for correctional counselors

Holding that claims of administrators of the Puerto Rican Department of Education were untimely because their claims accrued when they received notice that they would be fired and not on the effective date of their terminations

Holding that the report and affidavits submitted by plaintiffs' expert were wholly insufficient to establish a genuine issue of material fact where the expert's opinions were entirely conclusory, were not supported by any specific data, and were premised on an unsupported factual assertion

Holding that the pattern-or-practice method is not available to individual plaintiffs, but noting that pattern-or-practice evidence may nevertheless be relevant to proving an otherwise-viable individual claim under the McDonnell Douglas framework

Holding that "ordinarily the [class certification] determination should be predicated on more information than the pleadings will provide."

Holding that, to certify a class, the court must find that "questions of law or fact common to class members predominate over any questions affecting only individual members"