West v. Atkins

Holding that a state's delegation of its duty to provide medical care to prisoners rendered a contract physician a state actor

Shane v. Fauver

Holding that unless amendment would be futile, a district court must give a plaintiff the opportunity to amend a complaint that fails to state a claim

Lorenz v. CSX Corp.

Holding that leave to amend may be denied “based on bad faith or dilatory motives, truly undue or unexplained delay, repeated failures to cure the deficiency by amendments previously allowed, or futility of amendment”

Jablonski v. Pan American World Airways, Inc.

Holding that amendment of the complaint is futile if the amendment will not cure the deficiency in the original complaint or if the amended complaint cannot withstand a renewed motion to dismiss

Harvey v. Plains Tp. Police Dept

Holding that plaintiff had failed to establish that the landlord was a state actor because the landlord had merely acted at the police officer's direction in opening the plaintiffs front door

Massarsky v. General Motors Corp.

Recognizing district court may properly deny motion to amend where amendment would not withstand a motion to dismiss

Massarsky v. General Motors Corp.

Holding that court may refuse to allow amendment that fails to state cause of action

Jones v. Bush

Holding that harm experienced by "Plaintiff and all other American citizens" was too "undifferentiated and general nature" to confer standing on voters

Perot v. Federal Election Commission

Rejecting claim by third party candidate who sought to be included in Commission debates, and opining that "if the court were to enjoin the [Commission] from staging the debates or from choosing debate participants, there would be a substantial argument that the court would itself violate the [Commission's] First Amendment rights"

Conroy v. City of Philadelphia

Section 1983 - Civil action for deprivation of rights

Holding liable any state actor who "subjects, or causes [a person] to be subjected" to a constitutional violation

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Rule 15 - Amended and Supplemental Pleadings

Finding that, per N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 1024, New York law provides a more forgiving principle for relation back in the context of naming John Doe defendants described with particularity in the complaint

Section 552 - Public information; agency rules, opinions, orders, records, and proceedings

Holding that the Court's entering of a “Stipulation and Order” approving the parties' terms of dismissal did not amount to a “court-ordered consent decree” that would render the plaintiff the prevailing party

Section 431 - Transferred

Exempting news stories, commentaries, and editorials from FECA's definition of "expenditure"

Section 1481 - Loss of nationality by native-born or naturalized citizen; voluntary action; burden of proof; presumptions

Providing that United States nationality may be lost by "voluntarily performing" certain acts "with the intention of relinquishing United States nationality"