Ashcroft v. Iqbal

Holding court need not credit "mere conclusory statements" in complaint

Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

Holding that allegations of conduct that are merely consistent with wrongdoing do not state a claim unless "placed in a context that raises a suggestion of" such wrongdoing

Wyeth v. Levine

Holding that the FDA's drug labeling judgments pursuant to the FDCA did not obstacle preempt state law products liability claims

United States v. Bestfoods

Holding that ownership and control is insufficient to demonstrate an alter-ego relationship

Mazza v. American Honda Motor Co.

Holding a class definition as fatally overbroad where many class members learned that the advertising was misleading before purchase

Marder v. Lopez

Holding courts may consider on a motion pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b) extrinsic documents if the complaint refers to the document; the document is central to the plaintiff's claim; and no party questions the authenticity of the [document proffered]”

Sprietsma v. Mercury Marine

Holding that the Coast Guard's decision not to regulate propeller guards did not impliedly pre-empt petitioner's tort claims

Williams v. Gerber Products

Holding that "reasonable consumers expect that the ingredient list ... confirms other representations on the packaging"

Eldridge v. Block

Holding that courts must liberally construe pleadings of pro se litigants

Odom v. Microsoft Corp.

Holding that plaintiffs had sufficiently alleged an association-in-fact enterprise of two corporations

Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading

Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."

Section 2301 - Definitions

Including as consumers those entitled to enforce a warranty "under applicable State law"

Section 301 - Short title

Section 2310 - Remedies in consumer disputes

Permitting recovery of "a sum equal to the aggregate amount of cost and expenses (including attorneys’ fees based on actual time expended)"

Section 343 - Misbranded food

Setting labeling requirements for food products

Section 343-1 - National uniform nutrition labeling

Preempting state laws that conflict, inter alia, with federal law requiring foods to indicate: the name and location of the manufacturer, as well as the weight or quantity of food contained in a package; and the percentage of fruit or vegetable juice contained in a beverage

Section 2313 - Express warranties by affirmation, promise, description, sample

Stating that an express warranty is a "promise made by the seller to the buyer which relates to the goods"

Section 2314 - Implied warranty: merchantability; usage of trade

Adopting and codifying Uniform Commercial Code § 2-314

Section 700.3 - Written warranty

Stating that the MMWA “imposes specific duties and liabilities” and that certain representations that would qualify as “express warranties” under the Uniform Commercial Code are not written warranties under the MMWA