Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc.

Holding that summary judgment is appropriate when the evidence is "so one-sided that one party must prevail as a matter of law"

Celotex Corp. v. Catrett

Holding that a movant's summary judgment motion should be granted "against a [nonmovant] who fails to make a showing sufficient to establish the existence of an element essential to that party's case, and on which that party will bear the burden of proof at trial"

Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio

Holding that, on summary judgment, antitrust plaintiffs "must show that the inference of conspiracy is reasonable in light of the competing inferences of independent action or collusive action that could not have harmed" them

Motor Vehicle Manufacturers Assoc. of the United States, Inc. v. State Farm Mutual Auto. Ins. Co.

Holding that " `settled course of behavior embodies the agency's informed judgment that, by pursuing that course, it will carry out the policies [of applicable statutes or regulations]'"

Marsh v. Oregon Natural Resources Council

Holding that courts must defer to the "informed discretion" of federal agencies where the agencies’ decisions require "a high level of technical expertise" (quoting Kleppe v. Sierra Club , 427 U.S. 390, 412, 96 S.Ct. 2718, 49 L.Ed.2d 576 (1976) )

U.S. Dept. of Justice v. Reporters Committee

Holding that disclosure of "[o]fficial information that sheds light on an agency's performance of its statutory duties falls squarely within [FOIA's] statutory purpose"

Dickinson v. Zurko

Holding that the more deferential substantial-evidence standard, and not the "stricter" and less deferential clear-error standard, applies to challenges to Patent and Trademark Office's patent denials, as it does to other agencies

National Archives and Records Admin. v. Favish

Holding that "[g]iven FOIA's pro-disclosure purpose," a less stringent standard whereby a requester need only "produce evidence that would warrant a belief by a reasonable person" "is more faithful to the statutory scheme" in some contexts

Dept. of Air Force v. Rose

Holding that although "redaction cannot eliminate all risks of identifiability," it was a "familiar technique" and sufficient to protect the identities of Air Force Academy cadets described in summaries of disciplinary proceedings

Department of Justice v. Tax Analysts

Holding that documents are only “agency records” within the meaning of FOIA if the agency both “create or obtain” the documents and “control” them

Rule 56 - Summary Judgment

Holding a party may move for summary judgment on any part of any claim or defense in the lawsuit

Section 706 - Scope of review

Granting courts jurisdiction to "compel agency action unlawfully held or unreasonably delayed"

Rule 801 - Definitions That Apply to This Article; Exclusions from Hearsay

Holding that such a statement must merely be made by the party and offered against that party

Section 552 - Public information; agency rules, opinions, orders, records, and proceedings

Holding that the Court's entering of a “Stipulation and Order” approving the parties' terms of dismissal did not amount to a “court-ordered consent decree” that would render the plaintiff the prevailing party

Rule 701 - Opinion Testimony by Lay Witnesses

Limiting lay testimony to "one that is rationally based on the witness's perception" (cleaned up)

Section 704 - Actions reviewable

Granting judicial review over " final agency action"

Section 2.27 - When will the bureau notify a submitter of a request for their possibly confidential information?

Section 2.30 - How and when may a submitter object to the disclosure of confidential information?