Ashcroft v. Iqbal

Holding court need not credit "mere conclusory statements" in complaint

Cafasso v. General Dynamics C4 Systems

Holding a complaint failed to satisfy Rule 9(b) where the allegations were lacking in detail

U.S. ex Rel. Grubbs v. Kanneganti

Holding that defendants received adequate notice in a False Claims Act case where the complaint alleged a scheme to submit false claims and enough details that the defendants—who "will be in possession of the most relevant records, such as patients’ charts, doctors’ notes, and internal billing records"—could adequately investigate and defend the claims

United States ex rel. Thompson v. Columbia/HCA Healthcare Corp.

Holding that an AKS violation may support a claim under the FCA under a false certification theory

U.S. ex Rel. Wilkins v. United Health Group

Holding that plaintiffs "need not allege a relationship between the alleged [anti-kickback] violations and the claims ... submitted to the Government"

U.S. ex Rel. Steury v. Cardinal Health, Inc.

Holding that denial of leave to amend may be warranted for undue delay, bad faith or dilatory motive on the part of the movant, repeated failure to cure deficiencies, undue prejudice to the opposing party, or futility of a proposed amendment

Villarreal v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.

Holding that the district court properly dismissed the plaintiff's breach of contract claim when the plaintiff failed to plead facts showing her performance and "the notices that [the defendant] sent . . . and attached to its motion to dismiss . . . revealed that [the plaintiff] was in default"

United States ex rel. Spicer v. Westbrook

Holding that disclosure obligation was triggered for debtor whose estate was the relator in a qui tam action

U.S. v. Southland Management Corp.

Holding that compliance with regulations would not have led immediately to termination of housing assistance payments where intervening steps would likely have been taken before withholding payments

U.S. v. Continental Common

Holding that to plead a false claim the relator must "state the factual basis for the fraudulent claim with particularity and cannot rely on speculation or conclusional allegations"

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading

Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."

Rule 9 - Pleading Special Matters

Requiring that fraud be pleaded with particularity

Rule 5 - Serving and Filing Pleadings and Other Papers

Allowing service by filing papers with the court's electronic-filing system

Section 3729 - False claims

Holding liable "any person" who knowingly causes false claims to be presented

Section 1320a-7b - Criminal penalties for acts involving Federal health care programs

Prohibiting the solicitation or receipt of "remuneration" in exchange for referrals

Section 1395y - Exclusions from coverage and medicare as secondary payer

Granting the government subrogation rights

Section 1320a - Uniform reporting systems for health services facilities and organizations