550 U.S. 544 (2007) Cited 276,716 times 369 Legal Analyses
Holding that allegations of conduct that are merely consistent with wrongdoing do not state a claim unless "placed in a context that raises a suggestion of" such wrongdoing
534 U.S. 506 (2002) Cited 17,232 times 20 Legal Analyses
Holding with regard to a 67-year-old plaintiff and a 59-year-old comparator that " difference of eight years between the age of the person discharged and his replacement . . . is not insignificant"
Holding extrinsic materials were not "integral" to the complaint because the complaint "d[id] not refer to the[m]" and "plaintiffs apparently did not rely on them in drafting it"
Holding that, to state a breach of contract claim, a plaintiff must allege, inter alia, "the existence of an agreement, . . . breach of contract by the defendant"
Holding that vanishing premium sales practices, as pled, "fall within the purview" of the state deceptive business practices statute but do "not constitute a `misrepresentation or material omission' necessary to sustain a cause of action for fraud"
Holding that a claim under Section 349 is "not subject to the pleading-with-particularity requirements of Rule 9(b), but need only meet the bare-bones notice-pleading requirements of Rule 8"