Ashcroft v. Iqbal

Holding court need not credit "mere conclusory statements" in complaint

Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

Holding that allegations of conduct that are merely consistent with wrongdoing do not state a claim unless "placed in a context that raises a suggestion of" such wrongdoing

Fogerty v. Fantasy, Inc.

Holding that under the Copyright Act fee-shifting statute, 17 U.S.C. § 505, defendants and plaintiffs are to be treated the same, contrary to the Court's interpretation of § 1988

Balistreri v. Pacifica Police Dept

Holding that a cognizable gender discrimination claim could be brought by a female domestic violence victim where the victim alleged police denied protection and made misogynistic comments including that "he did not blame [the victim's] husband for hitting her, because of the way she was 'carrying on'"

Swartz v. KPMG LLP

Holding that “[t]o the extent Swartz seeks a declaration of defendants' liability for damages sought for his other causes of action,” claim must be dismissed as “merely duplicative”

Copperweld Corp. v. Independence Tube Corp.

Holding that a parent and a wholly owned subsidiary have a "complete unity of interest" because "their objectives are common" and "their general corporate actions are guided or determined not by two separate corporate consciousness, but one"

United States v. Grinnell Corp.

Holding a series of three acquisitions "eliminated any possibility of an outbreak of competition" and thereby "perfected the monopoly power to exclude competitors and fix prices."

Cel-Tech Communications, Inc. v. Los Angeles Cellular Telephone Co.

Holding that for an act to be "unfair," it must "threaten" a violation of law or "violate the policy or spirit of one of those laws because its effects are comparable to or the same as a violation of the law"

Cargill, Inc. v. Monfort of Colorado, Inc.

Holding that a Clayton Act plaintiff "must show a threat of antitrust injury" to warrant injunctive relief

In re Glenfed, Inc. Securities Litigation

Holding that plaintiffs may not "merely proclaim in the most conclusory of fashion that the defendants made false statements."

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading

Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."

Rule 9 - Pleading Special Matters

Requiring that fraud be pleaded with particularity

Section 17200 - Unfair competition defined

Prohibiting unlawful business practices

Section 15 - Suits by persons injured

Granting private right of action to anyone who has been injured "by reason of anything forbidden in the antitrust laws ..."

Section 1 - Trusts, etc., in restraint of trade illegal; penalty

Forbidding every "contract, combination . . . or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce among the several States"

Section 16720 - Trust

Prohibiting any combination to prevent competition in the "sale or purchase of any commodity"

Section 16726 - Every trust void

Section 16725 - Not unlawful to promote competition