Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc.

Holding that summary judgment is not appropriate if "the dispute about a material fact is ‘genuine,’ that is, if the evidence is such that a reasonable jury could return a verdict for the nonmoving party"

Celotex Corp. v. Catrett

Holding that a movant's summary judgment motion should be granted "against a [nonmovant] who fails to make a showing sufficient to establish the existence of an element essential to that party's case, and on which that party will bear the burden of proof at trial"

Terry v. Ohio

Holding that a police officer who has reasonable suspicion of criminal activity may conduct a brief investigative stop

Payton v. New York

Holding that a New York statute "authoriz[ing] police officers to enter a private residence without a warrant and with force, if necessary, to make a routine felony arrest" was "not consistent with the Fourth Amendment"

Katz v. United States

Holding that failure to recognize a reasonable expectation of privacy in a telephone booth would "ignore the vital role that the public telephone has come to play in private communication"

Clinton v. Jones

Holding in Section 1983 action no absolute immunity for damages arising from "unofficial conduct"

Florida v. J. L.

Holding an anonymous tip that a young black man in a plaid shirt was carrying a gun insufficient to create reasonable suspicion

Wong Sun v. United States

Holding evidence stemming from Fourth Amendment violations must be excluded from trial as fruit of the poisonous tree

FW/PBS, Inc. v. City of Dallas

Holding that the burden is on the plaintiff to allege facts sufficient to establish jurisdiction (quoting McNutt v. General Motors Acceptance Corp., 298 U.S. 178, 189 (1936))

Chimel v. California

Holding that, absent a search warrant, there is "no . . . justification" for searching an area not within a suspect's immediate control during an arrest

Rule 56 - Summary Judgment

Holding a party may move for summary judgment on any part of any claim or defense in the lawsuit

Section 706 - Scope of review

Granting courts jurisdiction to "compel agency action unlawfully held or unreasonably delayed"

Section 2510 - Definitions

Defining "[i]nvestigative or law enforcement officer" as an officer "empowered by law to conduct investigations of or to make arrests for [certain] offenses . . . and any attorney authorized by law to prosecute or participate in the prosecution of such offenses"

Section 2518 - Procedure for interception of wire, oral, or electronic communications

Recognizing that some investigative techniques may be “too dangerous”

Section 2511 - Interception and disclosure of wire, oral, or electronic communications prohibited

Imposing a penalty on persons who “intentionally intercept ... any wire, oral, or electronic communication”

Section 2520 - Recovery of civil damages authorized

Permitting recovery of actual and punitive damages, as well as a reasonable attorney's fee and other costs of litigation reasonably incurred

Section 2516 - Authorization for interception of wire, oral, or electronic communications

Listing the executive officers who may authorize a wiretap application

Section 1801 - Definitions

Defining "United States person" to be a "citizen of the United States, an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence" or certain unincorporated associations or corporations with ties to the United States

Section 1805 - Issuance of order

Requiring "probable cause to believe . . . the target of the electronic surveillance is a foreign power or an agent of a foreign power"

Section 1803 - Designation of judges